001    /* $Id: CallMethodRule.java 729106 2008-12-23 20:48:09Z rahul $
002     *
003     * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
004     * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
005     * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
006     * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
007     * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
008     * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
009     * 
010     *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
011     * 
012     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
013     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
014     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
015     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
016     * limitations under the License.
017     */ 
018    
019    
020    package org.apache.commons.digester;
021    
022    
023    import org.apache.commons.beanutils.ConvertUtils;
024    import org.apache.commons.beanutils.MethodUtils;
025    import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
026    
027    
028    /**
029     * <p>Rule implementation that calls a method on an object on the stack
030     * (normally the top/parent object), passing arguments collected from 
031     * subsequent <code>CallParamRule</code> rules or from the body of this
032     * element. </p>
033     *
034     * <p>By using {@link #CallMethodRule(String methodName)} 
035     * a method call can be made to a method which accepts no
036     * arguments.</p>
037     *
038     * <p>Incompatible method parameter types are converted 
039     * using <code>org.apache.commons.beanutils.ConvertUtils</code>.
040     * </p>
041     *
042     * <p>This rule now uses {@link MethodUtils#invokeMethod} by default.
043     * This increases the kinds of methods successfully and allows primitives
044     * to be matched by passing in wrapper classes.
045     * There are rare cases when {@link MethodUtils#invokeExactMethod} 
046     * (the old default) is required.
047     * This method is much stricter in it's reflection.
048     * Setting the <code>UseExactMatch</code> to true reverts to the use of this 
049     * method.</p>
050     *
051     * <p>Note that the target method is invoked when the  <i>end</i> of
052     * the tag the CallMethodRule fired on is encountered, <i>not</i> when the
053     * last parameter becomes available. This implies that rules which fire on
054     * tags nested within the one associated with the CallMethodRule will 
055     * fire before the CallMethodRule invokes the target method. This behaviour is
056     * not configurable. </p>
057     *
058     * <p>Note also that if a CallMethodRule is expecting exactly one parameter
059     * and that parameter is not available (eg CallParamRule is used with an
060     * attribute name but the attribute does not exist) then the method will
061     * not be invoked. If a CallMethodRule is expecting more than one parameter,
062     * then it is always invoked, regardless of whether the parameters were
063     * available or not; missing parameters are converted to the appropriate target
064     * type by calling ConvertUtils.convert. Note that the default ConvertUtils
065     * converters for the String type returns a null when passed a null, meaning
066     * that CallMethodRule will passed null for all String parameters for which
067     * there is no parameter info available from the XML. However parameters of
068     * type Float and Integer will be passed a real object containing a zero value
069     * as that is the output of the default ConvertUtils converters for those
070     * types when passed a null. You can register custom converters to change
071     * this behaviour; see the beautils library documentation for more info.</p>
072     *
073     * <p>Note that when a constructor is used with paramCount=0, indicating that
074     * the body of the element is to be passed to the target method, an empty 
075     * element will cause an <i>empty string</i> to be passed to the target method,
076     * not null. And if automatic type conversion is being applied (ie if the 
077     * target function takes something other than a string as a parameter) then 
078     * the conversion will fail if the converter class does not accept an empty 
079     * string as valid input.</p>
080     * 
081     * <p>CallMethodRule has a design flaw which can cause it to fail under
082     * certain rule configurations. All CallMethodRule instances share a single
083     * parameter stack, and all CallParamRule instances simply store their data
084     * into the parameter-info structure that is on the top of the stack. This
085     * means that two CallMethodRule instances cannot be associated with the
086     * same pattern without getting scrambled parameter data. This same issue
087     * also applies when a CallMethodRule matches some element X, a different 
088     * CallMethodRule matches a child element Y and some of the CallParamRules 
089     * associated with the first CallMethodRule match element Y or one of its 
090     * child elements. This issue has been present since the very first release
091     * of Digester. Note, however, that this configuration of CallMethodRule
092     * instances is not commonly required.</p>
093     */
094    
095    public class CallMethodRule extends Rule {
096    
097        // ----------------------------------------------------------- Constructors
098    
099        /**
100         * Construct a "call method" rule with the specified method name.  The
101         * parameter types (if any) default to java.lang.String.
102         *
103         * @param digester The associated Digester
104         * @param methodName Method name of the parent method to call
105         * @param paramCount The number of parameters to collect, or
106         *  zero for a single argument from the body of this element.
107         *
108         *
109         * @deprecated The digester instance is now set in the {@link Digester#addRule} method. 
110         * Use {@link #CallMethodRule(String methodName,int paramCount)} instead.
111         */
112        public CallMethodRule(Digester digester, String methodName,
113                              int paramCount) {
114    
115            this(methodName, paramCount);
116    
117        }
118    
119    
120        /**
121         * Construct a "call method" rule with the specified method name.
122         *
123         * @param digester The associated Digester
124         * @param methodName Method name of the parent method to call
125         * @param paramCount The number of parameters to collect, or
126         *  zero for a single argument from the body of ths element
127         * @param paramTypes The Java class names of the arguments
128         *  (if you wish to use a primitive type, specify the corresonding
129         *  Java wrapper class instead, such as <code>java.lang.Boolean</code>
130         *  for a <code>boolean</code> parameter)
131         *
132         * @deprecated The digester instance is now set in the {@link Digester#addRule} method. 
133         * Use {@link #CallMethodRule(String methodName,int paramCount, String [] paramTypes)} instead.
134         */
135        public CallMethodRule(Digester digester, String methodName,
136                              int paramCount, String paramTypes[]) {
137    
138            this(methodName, paramCount, paramTypes);
139    
140        }
141    
142    
143        /**
144         * Construct a "call method" rule with the specified method name.
145         *
146         * @param digester The associated Digester
147         * @param methodName Method name of the parent method to call
148         * @param paramCount The number of parameters to collect, or
149         *  zero for a single argument from the body of ths element
150         * @param paramTypes The Java classes that represent the
151         *  parameter types of the method arguments
152         *  (if you wish to use a primitive type, specify the corresonding
153         *  Java wrapper class instead, such as <code>java.lang.Boolean.TYPE</code>
154         *  for a <code>boolean</code> parameter)
155         *
156         * @deprecated The digester instance is now set in the {@link Digester#addRule} method. 
157         * Use {@link #CallMethodRule(String methodName,int paramCount, Class [] paramTypes)} instead.
158         */
159        public CallMethodRule(Digester digester, String methodName,
160                              int paramCount, Class<?> paramTypes[]) {
161    
162            this(methodName, paramCount, paramTypes);
163        }
164    
165    
166        /**
167         * Construct a "call method" rule with the specified method name.  The
168         * parameter types (if any) default to java.lang.String.
169         *
170         * @param methodName Method name of the parent method to call
171         * @param paramCount The number of parameters to collect, or
172         *  zero for a single argument from the body of this element.
173         */
174        public CallMethodRule(String methodName,
175                              int paramCount) {
176            this(0, methodName, paramCount);
177        }
178    
179        /**
180         * Construct a "call method" rule with the specified method name.  The
181         * parameter types (if any) default to java.lang.String.
182         *
183         * @param targetOffset location of the target object. Positive numbers are
184         * relative to the top of the digester object stack. Negative numbers 
185         * are relative to the bottom of the stack. Zero implies the top
186         * object on the stack.
187         * @param methodName Method name of the parent method to call
188         * @param paramCount The number of parameters to collect, or
189         *  zero for a single argument from the body of this element.
190         */
191        public CallMethodRule(int targetOffset,
192                              String methodName,
193                              int paramCount) {
194    
195            this.targetOffset = targetOffset;
196            this.methodName = methodName;
197            this.paramCount = paramCount;        
198            if (paramCount == 0) {
199                this.paramTypes = new Class[] { String.class };
200            } else {
201                this.paramTypes = new Class[paramCount];
202                for (int i = 0; i < this.paramTypes.length; i++) {
203                    this.paramTypes[i] = String.class;
204                }
205            }
206    
207        }
208    
209        /**
210         * Construct a "call method" rule with the specified method name.  
211         * The method should accept no parameters.
212         *
213         * @param methodName Method name of the parent method to call
214         */
215        public CallMethodRule(String methodName) {
216        
217            this(0, methodName, 0, (Class[]) null);
218        
219        }
220        
221    
222        /**
223         * Construct a "call method" rule with the specified method name.  
224         * The method should accept no parameters.
225         *
226         * @param targetOffset location of the target object. Positive numbers are
227         * relative to the top of the digester object stack. Negative numbers 
228         * are relative to the bottom of the stack. Zero implies the top
229         * object on the stack.
230         * @param methodName Method name of the parent method to call
231         */
232        public CallMethodRule(int targetOffset, String methodName) {
233        
234            this(targetOffset, methodName, 0, (Class[]) null);
235        
236        }
237        
238    
239        /**
240         * Construct a "call method" rule with the specified method name and
241         * parameter types. If <code>paramCount</code> is set to zero the rule
242         * will use the body of this element as the single argument of the
243         * method, unless <code>paramTypes</code> is null or empty, in this
244         * case the rule will call the specified method with no arguments.
245         *
246         * @param methodName Method name of the parent method to call
247         * @param paramCount The number of parameters to collect, or
248         *  zero for a single argument from the body of ths element
249         * @param paramTypes The Java class names of the arguments
250         *  (if you wish to use a primitive type, specify the corresonding
251         *  Java wrapper class instead, such as <code>java.lang.Boolean</code>
252         *  for a <code>boolean</code> parameter)
253         */
254        public CallMethodRule(
255                                String methodName,
256                                int paramCount, 
257                                String paramTypes[]) {
258            this(0, methodName, paramCount, paramTypes);
259        }
260    
261        /**
262         * Construct a "call method" rule with the specified method name and
263         * parameter types. If <code>paramCount</code> is set to zero the rule
264         * will use the body of this element as the single argument of the
265         * method, unless <code>paramTypes</code> is null or empty, in this
266         * case the rule will call the specified method with no arguments.
267         *
268         * @param targetOffset location of the target object. Positive numbers are
269         * relative to the top of the digester object stack. Negative numbers 
270         * are relative to the bottom of the stack. Zero implies the top
271         * object on the stack.
272         * @param methodName Method name of the parent method to call
273         * @param paramCount The number of parameters to collect, or
274         *  zero for a single argument from the body of ths element
275         * @param paramTypes The Java class names of the arguments
276         *  (if you wish to use a primitive type, specify the corresonding
277         *  Java wrapper class instead, such as <code>java.lang.Boolean</code>
278         *  for a <code>boolean</code> parameter)
279         */
280        public CallMethodRule(  int targetOffset,
281                                String methodName,
282                                int paramCount, 
283                                String paramTypes[]) {
284    
285            this.targetOffset = targetOffset;
286            this.methodName = methodName;
287            this.paramCount = paramCount;
288            if (paramTypes == null) {
289                this.paramTypes = new Class[paramCount];
290                for (int i = 0; i < this.paramTypes.length; i++) {
291                    this.paramTypes[i] = String.class;
292                }
293            } else {
294                // copy the parameter class names into an array
295                // the classes will be loaded when the digester is set 
296                this.paramClassNames = new String[paramTypes.length];
297                for (int i = 0; i < this.paramClassNames.length; i++) {
298                    this.paramClassNames[i] = paramTypes[i];
299                }
300            }
301    
302        }
303    
304    
305        /**
306         * Construct a "call method" rule with the specified method name and
307         * parameter types. If <code>paramCount</code> is set to zero the rule
308         * will use the body of this element as the single argument of the
309         * method, unless <code>paramTypes</code> is null or empty, in this
310         * case the rule will call the specified method with no arguments.
311         *
312         * @param methodName Method name of the parent method to call
313         * @param paramCount The number of parameters to collect, or
314         *  zero for a single argument from the body of ths element
315         * @param paramTypes The Java classes that represent the
316         *  parameter types of the method arguments
317         *  (if you wish to use a primitive type, specify the corresonding
318         *  Java wrapper class instead, such as <code>java.lang.Boolean.TYPE</code>
319         *  for a <code>boolean</code> parameter)
320         */
321        public CallMethodRule(
322                                String methodName,
323                                int paramCount, 
324                                Class<?> paramTypes[]) {
325            this(0, methodName, paramCount, paramTypes);
326        }
327    
328        /**
329         * Construct a "call method" rule with the specified method name and
330         * parameter types. If <code>paramCount</code> is set to zero the rule
331         * will use the body of this element as the single argument of the
332         * method, unless <code>paramTypes</code> is null or empty, in this
333         * case the rule will call the specified method with no arguments.
334         *
335         * @param targetOffset location of the target object. Positive numbers are
336         * relative to the top of the digester object stack. Negative numbers 
337         * are relative to the bottom of the stack. Zero implies the top
338         * object on the stack.
339         * @param methodName Method name of the parent method to call
340         * @param paramCount The number of parameters to collect, or
341         *  zero for a single argument from the body of ths element
342         * @param paramTypes The Java classes that represent the
343         *  parameter types of the method arguments
344         *  (if you wish to use a primitive type, specify the corresonding
345         *  Java wrapper class instead, such as <code>java.lang.Boolean.TYPE</code>
346         *  for a <code>boolean</code> parameter)
347         */
348        public CallMethodRule(  int targetOffset,
349                                String methodName,
350                                int paramCount, 
351                                Class<?> paramTypes[]) {
352    
353            this.targetOffset = targetOffset;
354            this.methodName = methodName;
355            this.paramCount = paramCount;
356            if (paramTypes == null) {
357                this.paramTypes = new Class[paramCount];
358                for (int i = 0; i < this.paramTypes.length; i++) {
359                    this.paramTypes[i] = String.class;
360                }
361            } else {
362                this.paramTypes = new Class[paramTypes.length];
363                for (int i = 0; i < this.paramTypes.length; i++) {
364                    this.paramTypes[i] = paramTypes[i];
365                }
366            }
367    
368        }
369    
370    
371        // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
372    
373    
374        /**
375         * The body text collected from this element.
376         */
377        protected String bodyText = null;
378    
379    
380        /** 
381         * location of the target object for the call, relative to the
382         * top of the digester object stack. The default value of zero
383         * means the target object is the one on top of the stack.
384         */
385        protected int targetOffset = 0;
386    
387        /**
388         * The method name to call on the parent object.
389         */
390        protected String methodName = null;
391    
392    
393        /**
394         * The number of parameters to collect from <code>MethodParam</code> rules.
395         * If this value is zero, a single parameter will be collected from the
396         * body of this element.
397         */
398        protected int paramCount = 0;
399    
400    
401        /**
402         * The parameter types of the parameters to be collected.
403         */
404        protected Class<?> paramTypes[] = null;
405    
406        /**
407         * The names of the classes of the parameters to be collected.
408         * This attribute allows creation of the classes to be postponed until the digester is set.
409         */
410        private String paramClassNames[] = null;
411        
412        /**
413         * Should <code>MethodUtils.invokeExactMethod</code> be used for reflection.
414         */
415        protected boolean useExactMatch = false;
416        
417        // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods
418        
419        /**
420         * Should <code>MethodUtils.invokeExactMethod</code>
421         * be used for the reflection.
422         */
423        public boolean getUseExactMatch() {
424            return useExactMatch;
425        }
426        
427        /**
428         * Set whether <code>MethodUtils.invokeExactMethod</code>
429         * should be used for the reflection.
430         */    
431        public void setUseExactMatch(boolean useExactMatch)
432        { 
433            this.useExactMatch = useExactMatch;
434        }
435    
436        /**
437         * Set the associated digester.
438         * If needed, this class loads the parameter classes from their names.
439         */
440        public void setDigester(Digester digester)
441        {
442            // call superclass
443            super.setDigester(digester);
444            // if necessary, load parameter classes
445            if (this.paramClassNames != null) {
446                this.paramTypes = new Class[paramClassNames.length];
447                for (int i = 0; i < this.paramClassNames.length; i++) {
448                    try {
449                        this.paramTypes[i] =
450                                digester.getClassLoader().loadClass(this.paramClassNames[i]);
451                    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
452                        // use the digester log
453                        digester.getLogger().error("(CallMethodRule) Cannot load class " + this.paramClassNames[i], e);
454                        this.paramTypes[i] = null; // Will cause NPE later
455                    }
456                }
457            }
458        }
459    
460        /**
461         * Process the start of this element.
462         *
463         * @param attributes The attribute list for this element
464         */
465        public void begin(Attributes attributes) throws Exception {
466    
467            // Push an array to capture the parameter values if necessary
468            if (paramCount > 0) {
469                Object parameters[] = new Object[paramCount];
470                for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
471                    parameters[i] = null;
472                }
473                digester.pushParams(parameters);
474            }
475    
476        }
477    
478    
479        /**
480         * Process the body text of this element.
481         *
482         * @param bodyText The body text of this element
483         */
484        public void body(String bodyText) throws Exception {
485    
486            if (paramCount == 0) {
487                this.bodyText = bodyText.trim();
488            }
489    
490        }
491    
492    
493        /**
494         * Process the end of this element.
495         */
496        public void end() throws Exception {
497    
498            // Retrieve or construct the parameter values array
499            Object parameters[] = null;
500            if (paramCount > 0) {
501    
502                parameters = (Object[]) digester.popParams();
503                
504                if (digester.log.isTraceEnabled()) {
505                    for (int i=0,size=parameters.length;i<size;i++) {
506                        digester.log.trace("[CallMethodRule](" + i + ")" + parameters[i]) ;
507                    }
508                }
509                
510                // In the case where the target method takes a single parameter
511                // and that parameter does not exist (the CallParamRule never
512                // executed or the CallParamRule was intended to set the parameter
513                // from an attribute but the attribute wasn't present etc) then
514                // skip the method call.
515                //
516                // This is useful when a class has a "default" value that should
517                // only be overridden if data is present in the XML. I don't
518                // know why this should only apply to methods taking *one*
519                // parameter, but it always has been so we can't change it now.
520                if (paramCount == 1 && parameters[0] == null) {
521                    return;
522                }
523    
524            } else if (paramTypes != null && paramTypes.length != 0) {
525                // Having paramCount == 0 and paramTypes.length == 1 indicates
526                // that we have the special case where the target method has one
527                // parameter being the body text of the current element.
528    
529                // There is no body text included in the source XML file,
530                // so skip the method call
531                if (bodyText == null) {
532                    return;
533                }
534    
535                parameters = new Object[1];
536                parameters[0] = bodyText;
537                if (paramTypes.length == 0) {
538                    paramTypes = new Class[1];
539                    paramTypes[0] = String.class;
540                }
541    
542            } else {
543                // When paramCount is zero and paramTypes.length is zero it
544                // means that we truly are calling a method with no parameters.
545                // Nothing special needs to be done here.
546                ;
547            }
548    
549            // Construct the parameter values array we will need
550            // We only do the conversion if the param value is a String and
551            // the specified paramType is not String. 
552            Object paramValues[] = new Object[paramTypes.length];
553            for (int i = 0; i < paramTypes.length; i++) {
554                // convert nulls and convert stringy parameters 
555                // for non-stringy param types
556                if(
557                    parameters[i] == null ||
558                     (parameters[i] instanceof String && 
559                       !String.class.isAssignableFrom(paramTypes[i]))) {
560                    
561                    paramValues[i] =
562                            ConvertUtils.convert((String) parameters[i], paramTypes[i]);
563                } else {
564                    paramValues[i] = parameters[i];
565                }
566            }
567    
568            // Determine the target object for the method call
569            Object target;
570            if (targetOffset >= 0) {
571                target = digester.peek(targetOffset);
572            } else {
573                target = digester.peek( digester.getCount() + targetOffset );
574            }
575            
576            if (target == null) {
577                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
578                sb.append("[CallMethodRule]{");
579                sb.append(digester.match);
580                sb.append("} Call target is null (");
581                sb.append("targetOffset=");
582                sb.append(targetOffset);
583                sb.append(",stackdepth=");
584                sb.append(digester.getCount());
585                sb.append(")");
586                throw new org.xml.sax.SAXException(sb.toString());
587            }
588            
589            // Invoke the required method on the top object
590            if (digester.log.isDebugEnabled()) {
591                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("[CallMethodRule]{");
592                sb.append(digester.match);
593                sb.append("} Call ");
594                sb.append(target.getClass().getName());
595                sb.append(".");
596                sb.append(methodName);
597                sb.append("(");
598                for (int i = 0; i < paramValues.length; i++) {
599                    if (i > 0) {
600                        sb.append(",");
601                    }
602                    if (paramValues[i] == null) {
603                        sb.append("null");
604                    } else {
605                        sb.append(paramValues[i].toString());
606                    }
607                    sb.append("/");
608                    if (paramTypes[i] == null) {
609                        sb.append("null");
610                    } else {
611                        sb.append(paramTypes[i].getName());
612                    }
613                }
614                sb.append(")");
615                digester.log.debug(sb.toString());
616            }
617            
618            Object result = null;
619            if (useExactMatch) {
620                // invoke using exact match
621                result = MethodUtils.invokeExactMethod(target, methodName,
622                    paramValues, paramTypes);
623                    
624            } else {
625                // invoke using fuzzier match
626                result = MethodUtils.invokeMethod(target, methodName,
627                    paramValues, paramTypes);            
628            }
629            
630            processMethodCallResult(result);
631        }
632    
633    
634        /**
635         * Clean up after parsing is complete.
636         */
637        public void finish() throws Exception {
638    
639            bodyText = null;
640    
641        }
642    
643        /**
644         * Subclasses may override this method to perform additional processing of the 
645         * invoked method's result.
646         *
647         * @param result the Object returned by the method invoked, possibly null
648         */
649        protected void processMethodCallResult(Object result) {
650            // do nothing
651        }
652    
653        /**
654         * Render a printable version of this Rule.
655         */
656        public String toString() {
657    
658            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("CallMethodRule[");
659            sb.append("methodName=");
660            sb.append(methodName);
661            sb.append(", paramCount=");
662            sb.append(paramCount);
663            sb.append(", paramTypes={");
664            if (paramTypes != null) {
665                for (int i = 0; i < paramTypes.length; i++) {
666                    if (i > 0) {
667                        sb.append(", ");
668                    }
669                    sb.append(paramTypes[i].getName());
670                }
671            }
672            sb.append("}");
673            sb.append("]");
674            return (sb.toString());
675    
676        }
677    
678    
679    }