StringEscapeUtils.java
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.commons.text;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.text.translate.AggregateTranslator;
import org.apache.commons.text.translate.CharSequenceTranslator;
import org.apache.commons.text.translate.CsvTranslators;
import org.apache.commons.text.translate.EntityArrays;
import org.apache.commons.text.translate.JavaUnicodeEscaper;
import org.apache.commons.text.translate.LookupTranslator;
import org.apache.commons.text.translate.NumericEntityEscaper;
import org.apache.commons.text.translate.NumericEntityUnescaper;
import org.apache.commons.text.translate.OctalUnescaper;
import org.apache.commons.text.translate.UnicodeUnescaper;
import org.apache.commons.text.translate.UnicodeUnpairedSurrogateRemover;
/**
* <p>
* Escapes and unescapes {@code String}s for Java, Java Script, HTML and XML.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* #ThreadSafe#
* </p>
*
* <p>
* This code has been adapted from Apache Commons Lang 3.5.
* </p>
*
* @since 1.0
*/
public class StringEscapeUtils {
/* ESCAPE TRANSLATORS */
/**
* Convenience wrapper for {@link StringBuilder} providing escape methods.
*
* <p>Example:</p>
* <pre>
* new Builder(ESCAPE_HTML4)
* .append("<p>")
* .escape("This is paragraph 1 and special chars like & get escaped.")
* .append("</p><p>")
* .escape("This is paragraph 2 & more...")
* .append("</p>")
* .toString()
* </pre>
*/
public static final class Builder {
/**
* StringBuilder to be used in the Builder class.
*/
private final StringBuilder sb;
/**
* CharSequenceTranslator to be used in the Builder class.
*/
private final CharSequenceTranslator translator;
/**
* Builder constructor.
*
* @param translator a CharSequenceTranslator.
*/
private Builder(final CharSequenceTranslator translator) {
this.sb = new StringBuilder();
this.translator = translator;
}
/**
* Literal append, no escaping being done.
*
* @param input the String to append
* @return {@code this}, to enable chaining
*/
public Builder append(final String input) {
sb.append(input);
return this;
}
/**
* Escape {@code input} according to the given {@link CharSequenceTranslator}.
*
* @param input the String to escape
* @return {@code this}, to enable chaining
*/
public Builder escape(final String input) {
sb.append(translator.translate(input));
return this;
}
/**
* Return the escaped string.
*
* @return The escaped string
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
return sb.toString();
}
}
/**
* Translator object for unescaping backslash escaped entries.
*/
static class XsiUnescaper extends CharSequenceTranslator {
/**
* Escaped backslash constant.
*/
private static final char BACKSLASH = '\\';
@Override
public int translate(final CharSequence input, final int index, final Writer writer) throws IOException {
if (index != 0) {
throw new IllegalStateException("XsiUnescaper should never reach the [1] index");
}
final String s = input.toString();
int segmentStart = 0;
int searchOffset = 0;
while (true) {
final int pos = s.indexOf(BACKSLASH, searchOffset);
if (pos == -1) {
if (segmentStart < s.length()) {
writer.write(s.substring(segmentStart));
}
break;
}
if (pos > segmentStart) {
writer.write(s.substring(segmentStart, pos));
}
segmentStart = pos + 1;
searchOffset = pos + 2;
}
return Character.codePointCount(input, 0, input.length());
}
}
/**
* Translator object for escaping Java.
*
* While {@link #escapeJava(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the Java escaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator ESCAPE_JAVA;
static {
final Map<CharSequence, CharSequence> escapeJavaMap = new HashMap<>();
escapeJavaMap.put("\"", "\\\"");
escapeJavaMap.put("\\", "\\\\");
ESCAPE_JAVA = new AggregateTranslator(
new LookupTranslator(Collections.unmodifiableMap(escapeJavaMap)),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.JAVA_CTRL_CHARS_ESCAPE),
JavaUnicodeEscaper.outsideOf(32, 0x7f)
);
}
/**
* Translator object for escaping EcmaScript/JavaScript.
*
* While {@link #escapeEcmaScript(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the EcmaScript escaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator ESCAPE_ECMASCRIPT;
static {
final Map<CharSequence, CharSequence> escapeEcmaScriptMap = new HashMap<>();
escapeEcmaScriptMap.put("'", "\\'");
escapeEcmaScriptMap.put("\"", "\\\"");
escapeEcmaScriptMap.put("\\", "\\\\");
escapeEcmaScriptMap.put("/", "\\/");
ESCAPE_ECMASCRIPT = new AggregateTranslator(
new LookupTranslator(Collections.unmodifiableMap(escapeEcmaScriptMap)),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.JAVA_CTRL_CHARS_ESCAPE),
JavaUnicodeEscaper.outsideOf(32, 0x7f)
);
}
/**
* Translator object for escaping Json.
*
* While {@link #escapeJson(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the Json escaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator ESCAPE_JSON;
static {
final Map<CharSequence, CharSequence> escapeJsonMap = new HashMap<>();
escapeJsonMap.put("\"", "\\\"");
escapeJsonMap.put("\\", "\\\\");
escapeJsonMap.put("/", "\\/");
ESCAPE_JSON = new AggregateTranslator(
new LookupTranslator(Collections.unmodifiableMap(escapeJsonMap)),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.JAVA_CTRL_CHARS_ESCAPE),
JavaUnicodeEscaper.outsideOf(32, 0x7e)
);
}
/**
* Translator object for escaping XML 1.0.
*
* While {@link #escapeXml10(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the XML escaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator ESCAPE_XML10;
static {
final Map<CharSequence, CharSequence> escapeXml10Map = new HashMap<>();
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0000", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0001", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0002", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0003", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0004", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0005", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0006", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0007", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0008", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u000b", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u000c", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u000e", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u000f", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0010", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0011", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0012", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0013", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0014", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0015", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0016", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0017", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0018", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u0019", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u001a", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u001b", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u001c", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u001d", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u001e", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\u001f", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\ufffe", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml10Map.put("\uffff", StringUtils.EMPTY);
ESCAPE_XML10 = new AggregateTranslator(
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.BASIC_ESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.APOS_ESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(Collections.unmodifiableMap(escapeXml10Map)),
NumericEntityEscaper.between(0x7f, 0x84),
NumericEntityEscaper.between(0x86, 0x9f),
new UnicodeUnpairedSurrogateRemover()
);
}
/**
* Translator object for escaping XML 1.1.
*
* While {@link #escapeXml11(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the XML escaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator ESCAPE_XML11;
static {
final Map<CharSequence, CharSequence> escapeXml11Map = new HashMap<>();
escapeXml11Map.put("\u0000", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml11Map.put("\u000b", "");
escapeXml11Map.put("\u000c", "");
escapeXml11Map.put("\ufffe", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXml11Map.put("\uffff", StringUtils.EMPTY);
ESCAPE_XML11 = new AggregateTranslator(
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.BASIC_ESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.APOS_ESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(Collections.unmodifiableMap(escapeXml11Map)),
NumericEntityEscaper.between(0x1, 0x8),
NumericEntityEscaper.between(0xe, 0x1f),
NumericEntityEscaper.between(0x7f, 0x84),
NumericEntityEscaper.between(0x86, 0x9f),
new UnicodeUnpairedSurrogateRemover()
);
}
/**
* Translator object for escaping HTML version 3.0.
*
* While {@link #escapeHtml3(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the HTML escaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator ESCAPE_HTML3 =
new AggregateTranslator(
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.BASIC_ESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.ISO8859_1_ESCAPE)
);
/**
* Translator object for escaping HTML version 4.0.
*
* While {@link #escapeHtml4(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the HTML escaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator ESCAPE_HTML4 =
new AggregateTranslator(
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.BASIC_ESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.ISO8859_1_ESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.HTML40_EXTENDED_ESCAPE)
);
/**
* Translator object for escaping individual Comma Separated Values.
*
* While {@link #escapeCsv(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the CSV escaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator ESCAPE_CSV = new CsvTranslators.CsvEscaper();
/* UNESCAPE TRANSLATORS */
/**
* Translator object for escaping Shell command language.
*
* @see <a href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/7908799/xcu/chap2.html">Shell Command Language</a>
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator ESCAPE_XSI;
static {
final Map<CharSequence, CharSequence> escapeXsiMap = new HashMap<>();
escapeXsiMap.put("|", "\\|");
escapeXsiMap.put("&", "\\&");
escapeXsiMap.put(";", "\\;");
escapeXsiMap.put("<", "\\<");
escapeXsiMap.put(">", "\\>");
escapeXsiMap.put("(", "\\(");
escapeXsiMap.put(")", "\\)");
escapeXsiMap.put("$", "\\$");
escapeXsiMap.put("`", "\\`");
escapeXsiMap.put("\\", "\\\\");
escapeXsiMap.put("\"", "\\\"");
escapeXsiMap.put("'", "\\'");
escapeXsiMap.put(" ", "\\ ");
escapeXsiMap.put("\t", "\\\t");
escapeXsiMap.put("\r\n", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXsiMap.put("\n", StringUtils.EMPTY);
escapeXsiMap.put("*", "\\*");
escapeXsiMap.put("?", "\\?");
escapeXsiMap.put("[", "\\[");
escapeXsiMap.put("#", "\\#");
escapeXsiMap.put("~", "\\~");
escapeXsiMap.put("=", "\\=");
escapeXsiMap.put("%", "\\%");
ESCAPE_XSI = new LookupTranslator(
Collections.unmodifiableMap(escapeXsiMap)
);
}
/**
* Translator object for unescaping escaped Java.
*
* While {@link #unescapeJava(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the Java unescaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator UNESCAPE_JAVA;
static {
final Map<CharSequence, CharSequence> unescapeJavaMap = new HashMap<>();
unescapeJavaMap.put("\\\\", "\\");
unescapeJavaMap.put("\\\"", "\"");
unescapeJavaMap.put("\\'", "'");
unescapeJavaMap.put("\\", StringUtils.EMPTY);
UNESCAPE_JAVA = new AggregateTranslator(
new OctalUnescaper(), // .between('\1', '\377'),
new UnicodeUnescaper(),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.JAVA_CTRL_CHARS_UNESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(Collections.unmodifiableMap(unescapeJavaMap))
);
}
/**
* Translator object for unescaping escaped EcmaScript.
*
* While {@link #unescapeEcmaScript(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the EcmaScript unescaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator UNESCAPE_ECMASCRIPT = UNESCAPE_JAVA;
/**
* Translator object for unescaping escaped Json.
*
* While {@link #unescapeJson(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the Json unescaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator UNESCAPE_JSON = UNESCAPE_JAVA;
/**
* Translator object for unescaping escaped HTML 3.0.
*
* While {@link #unescapeHtml3(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the HTML unescaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator UNESCAPE_HTML3 =
new AggregateTranslator(
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.BASIC_UNESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.ISO8859_1_UNESCAPE),
new NumericEntityUnescaper()
);
/**
* Translator object for unescaping escaped HTML 4.0.
*
* While {@link #unescapeHtml4(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the HTML unescaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator UNESCAPE_HTML4 =
new AggregateTranslator(
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.BASIC_UNESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.ISO8859_1_UNESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.HTML40_EXTENDED_UNESCAPE),
new NumericEntityUnescaper()
);
/**
* Translator object for unescaping escaped XML.
*
* While {@link #unescapeXml(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the XML unescaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator UNESCAPE_XML =
new AggregateTranslator(
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.BASIC_UNESCAPE),
new LookupTranslator(EntityArrays.APOS_UNESCAPE),
new NumericEntityUnescaper()
);
/**
* Translator object for unescaping escaped Comma Separated Value entries.
*
* While {@link #unescapeCsv(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the CSV unescaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator UNESCAPE_CSV = new CsvTranslators.CsvUnescaper();
/* Helper functions */
/**
* Translator object for unescaping escaped XSI Value entries.
*
* While {@link #unescapeXSI(String)} is the expected method of use, this
* object allows the XSI unescaping functionality to be used
* as the foundation for a custom translator.
*/
public static final CharSequenceTranslator UNESCAPE_XSI = new XsiUnescaper();
/**
* Gets a {@link Builder}.
* @param translator the text translator
* @return {@link Builder}
*/
public static StringEscapeUtils.Builder builder(final CharSequenceTranslator translator) {
return new Builder(translator);
}
/**
* Returns a {@code String} value for a CSV column enclosed in double quotes,
* if required.
*
* <p>If the value contains a comma, newline or double quote, then the
* String value is returned enclosed in double quotes.</p>
*
* <p>Any double quote characters in the value are escaped with another double quote.</p>
*
* <p>If the value does not contain a comma, newline or double quote, then the
* String value is returned unchanged.</p>
*
* see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values">Wikipedia</a> and
* <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4180">RFC 4180</a>.
*
* @param input the input CSV column String, may be null
* @return The input String, enclosed in double quotes if the value contains a comma,
* newline or double quote, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String escapeCsv(final String input) {
return ESCAPE_CSV.translate(input);
}
/**
* Escapes the characters in a {@code String} using EcmaScript String rules.
*
* <p>Escapes any values it finds into their EcmaScript String form.
* Deals correctly with quotes and control-chars (tab, backslash, cr, ff, etc.) </p>
*
* <p>So a tab becomes the characters {@code '\\'} and
* {@code 't'}.</p>
*
* <p>The only difference between Java strings and EcmaScript strings
* is that in EcmaScript, a single quote and forward-slash (/) are escaped.</p>
*
* <p>Note that EcmaScript is best known by the JavaScript and ActionScript dialects.</p>
*
* <p>Example:</p>
* <pre>
* input string: He didn't say, "Stop!"
* output string: He didn\'t say, \"Stop!\"
* </pre>
*
* <b>Security Note.</b> We only provide backslash escaping in this method. For example, {@code '\"'} has the output
* {@code '\\\"'} which could result in potential issues in the case where the string being escaped is being used
* in an HTML tag like {@code <select onmouseover="..." />}. If you wish to have more rigorous string escaping, you
* may consider the
* <a href="https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category:OWASP_Enterprise_Security_API_JAVA">ESAPI Libraries</a>.
* Further, you can view the <a href="https://github.com/esapi">ESAPI GitHub Org</a>.
*
* @param input String to escape values in, may be null
* @return String with escaped values, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String escapeEcmaScript(final String input) {
return ESCAPE_ECMASCRIPT.translate(input);
}
/**
* Escapes the characters in a {@code String} using HTML entities.
*
* <p>Supports only the HTML 3.0 entities.</p>
*
* @param input the {@code String} to escape, may be null
* @return a new escaped {@code String}, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String escapeHtml3(final String input) {
return ESCAPE_HTML3.translate(input);
}
// HTML and XML
/**
* Escapes the characters in a {@code String} using HTML entities.
*
* <p>
* For example:
* </p>
* <p>{@code "bread" & "butter"}</p>
* becomes:
* <p>
* {@code "bread" &amp; "butter"}.
* </p>
*
* <p>Supports all known HTML 4.0 entities, including funky accents.
* Note that the commonly used apostrophe escape character (&apos;)
* is not a legal entity and so is not supported).</p>
*
* @param input the {@code String} to escape, may be null
* @return a new escaped {@code String}, {@code null} if null string input
*
* @see <a href="https://hotwired.lycos.com/webmonkey/reference/special_characters/">ISO Entities</a>
* @see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html32#latin1">HTML 3.2 Character Entities for ISO Latin-1</a>
* @see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/sgml/entities.html">HTML 4.0 Character entity references</a>
* @see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/charset.html#h-5.3">HTML 4.01 Character References</a>
* @see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/charset.html#code-position">HTML 4.01 Code positions</a>
*/
public static final String escapeHtml4(final String input) {
return ESCAPE_HTML4.translate(input);
}
// Java and JavaScript
/**
* Escapes the characters in a {@code String} using Java String rules.
*
* <p>Deals correctly with quotes and control-chars (tab, backslash, cr, ff, etc.) </p>
*
* <p>So a tab becomes the characters {@code '\\'} and
* {@code 't'}.</p>
*
* <p>The only difference between Java strings and JavaScript strings
* is that in JavaScript, a single quote and forward-slash (/) are escaped.</p>
*
* <p>Example:</p>
* <pre>
* input string: He didn't say, "Stop!"
* output string: He didn't say, \"Stop!\"
* </pre>
*
* @param input String to escape values in, may be null
* @return String with escaped values, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String escapeJava(final String input) {
return ESCAPE_JAVA.translate(input);
}
/**
* Escapes the characters in a {@code String} using Json String rules.
*
* <p>Escapes any values it finds into their Json String form.
* Deals correctly with quotes and control-chars (tab, backslash, cr, ff, etc.) </p>
*
* <p>So a tab becomes the characters {@code '\\'} and
* {@code 't'}.</p>
*
* <p>The only difference between Java strings and Json strings
* is that in Json, forward-slash (/) is escaped.</p>
*
* <p>See http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4627.txt for further details.</p>
*
* <p>Example:</p>
* <pre>
* input string: He didn't say, "Stop!"
* output string: He didn't say, \"Stop!\"
* </pre>
*
* @param input String to escape values in, may be null
* @return String with escaped values, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String escapeJson(final String input) {
return ESCAPE_JSON.translate(input);
}
/**
* Escapes the characters in a {@code String} using XML entities.
*
* <p>For example: {@code "bread" & "butter"} =>
* {@code "bread" & "butter"}.
* </p>
*
* <p>Note that XML 1.0 is a text-only format: it cannot represent control
* characters or unpaired Unicode surrogate code points, even after escaping.
* {@code escapeXml10} will remove characters that do not fit in the
* following ranges:</p>
*
* <p>{@code #x9 | #xA | #xD | [#x20-#xD7FF] | [#xE000-#xFFFD] | [#x10000-#x10FFFF]}</p>
*
* <p>Though not strictly necessary, {@code escapeXml10} will escape
* characters in the following ranges:</p>
*
* <p>{@code [#x7F-#x84] | [#x86-#x9F]}</p>
*
* <p>The returned string can be inserted into a valid XML 1.0 or XML 1.1
* document. If you want to allow more non-text characters in an XML 1.1
* document, use {@link #escapeXml11(String)}.</p>
*
* @param input the {@code String} to escape, may be null
* @return a new escaped {@code String}, {@code null} if null string input
* @see #unescapeXml(String)
*/
public static String escapeXml10(final String input) {
return ESCAPE_XML10.translate(input);
}
/**
* Escapes the characters in a {@code String} using XML entities.
*
* <p>For example: {@code "bread" & "butter"} =>
* {@code "bread" & "butter"}.
* </p>
*
* <p>XML 1.1 can represent certain control characters, but it cannot represent
* the null byte or unpaired Unicode surrogate code points, even after escaping.
* {@code escapeXml11} will remove characters that do not fit in the following
* ranges:</p>
*
* <p>{@code [#x1-#xD7FF] | [#xE000-#xFFFD] | [#x10000-#x10FFFF]}</p>
*
* <p>{@code escapeXml11} will escape characters in the following ranges:</p>
*
* <p>{@code [#x1-#x8] | [#xB-#xC] | [#xE-#x1F] | [#x7F-#x84] | [#x86-#x9F]}</p>
*
* <p>The returned string can be inserted into a valid XML 1.1 document. Do not
* use it for XML 1.0 documents.</p>
*
* @param input the {@code String} to escape, may be null
* @return a new escaped {@code String}, {@code null} if null string input
* @see #unescapeXml(String)
*/
public static String escapeXml11(final String input) {
return ESCAPE_XML11.translate(input);
}
/**
* Escapes the characters in a {@code String} using XSI rules.
*
* <p><b>Beware!</b> In most cases you don't want to escape shell commands but use multi-argument
* methods provided by {@link ProcessBuilder} or {@link Runtime#exec(String[])}
* instead.</p>
*
* <p>Example:</p>
* <pre>
* input string: He didn't say, "Stop!"
* output string: He\ didn\'t\ say,\ \"Stop!\"
* </pre>
*
* @see <a href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/7908799/xcu/chap2.html">Shell Command Language</a>
* @param input String to escape values in, may be null
* @return String with escaped values, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String escapeXSI(final String input) {
return ESCAPE_XSI.translate(input);
}
/**
* Returns a {@code String} value for an unescaped CSV column.
*
* <p>If the value is enclosed in double quotes, and contains a comma, newline
* or double quote, then quotes are removed.
* </p>
*
* <p>Any double quote escaped characters (a pair of double quotes) are unescaped
* to just one double quote.</p>
*
* <p>If the value is not enclosed in double quotes, or is and does not contain a
* comma, newline or double quote, then the String value is returned unchanged.</p>
*
* see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values">Wikipedia</a> and
* <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4180">RFC 4180</a>.
*
* @param input the input CSV column String, may be null
* @return The input String, with enclosing double quotes removed and embedded double
* quotes unescaped, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String unescapeCsv(final String input) {
return UNESCAPE_CSV.translate(input);
}
/**
* Unescapes any EcmaScript literals found in the {@code String}.
*
* <p>For example, it will turn a sequence of {@code '\'} and {@code 'n'}
* into a newline character, unless the {@code '\'} is preceded by another
* {@code '\'}.</p>
*
* @see #unescapeJava(String)
* @param input the {@code String} to unescape, may be null
* @return A new unescaped {@code String}, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String unescapeEcmaScript(final String input) {
return UNESCAPE_ECMASCRIPT.translate(input);
}
/**
* Unescapes a string containing entity escapes to a string
* containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the
* escapes. Supports only HTML 3.0 entities.
*
* @param input the {@code String} to unescape, may be null
* @return a new unescaped {@code String}, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String unescapeHtml3(final String input) {
return UNESCAPE_HTML3.translate(input);
}
/**
* Unescapes a string containing entity escapes to a string
* containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the
* escapes. Supports HTML 4.0 entities.
*
* <p>For example, the string {@code "<Français>"}
* will become {@code "<Fran�ais>"}</p>
*
* <p>If an entity is unrecognized, it is left alone, and inserted
* verbatim into the result string. e.g. {@code ">&zzzz;x"} will
* become {@code ">&zzzz;x"}.</p>
*
* @param input the {@code String} to unescape, may be null
* @return a new unescaped {@code String}, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String unescapeHtml4(final String input) {
return UNESCAPE_HTML4.translate(input);
}
/**
* Unescapes any Java literals found in the {@code String}.
* For example, it will turn a sequence of {@code '\'} and
* {@code 'n'} into a newline character, unless the {@code '\'}
* is preceded by another {@code '\'}.
*
* @param input the {@code String} to unescape, may be null
* @return a new unescaped {@code String}, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String unescapeJava(final String input) {
return UNESCAPE_JAVA.translate(input);
}
/**
* Unescapes any Json literals found in the {@code String}.
*
* <p>For example, it will turn a sequence of {@code '\'} and {@code 'n'}
* into a newline character, unless the {@code '\'} is preceded by another
* {@code '\'}.</p>
*
* @see #unescapeJava(String)
* @param input the {@code String} to unescape, may be null
* @return A new unescaped {@code String}, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String unescapeJson(final String input) {
return UNESCAPE_JSON.translate(input);
}
/**
* Unescapes a string containing XML entity escapes to a string
* containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the
* escapes.
*
* <p>Supports only the five basic XML entities (gt, lt, quot, amp, apos).
* Does not support DTDs or external entities.</p>
*
* <p>Note that numerical \\u Unicode codes are unescaped to their respective
* Unicode characters. This may change in future releases.</p>
*
* @param input the {@code String} to unescape, may be null
* @return a new unescaped {@code String}, {@code null} if null string input
* @see #escapeXml10(String)
* @see #escapeXml11(String)
*/
public static final String unescapeXml(final String input) {
return UNESCAPE_XML.translate(input);
}
/**
* Unescapes the characters in a {@code String} using XSI rules.
*
* @see StringEscapeUtils#escapeXSI(String)
* @param input the {@code String} to unescape, may be null
* @return a new unescaped {@code String}, {@code null} if null string input
*/
public static final String unescapeXSI(final String input) {
return UNESCAPE_XSI.translate(input);
}
/**
* {@code StringEscapeUtils} instances should NOT be constructed in
* standard programming.
*
* <p>Instead, the class should be used as:</p>
* <pre>StringEscapeUtils.escapeJava("foo");</pre>
*
* <p>This constructor is public to permit tools that require a JavaBean
* instance to operate.</p>
*/
public StringEscapeUtils() {
}
}