/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.commons.beanutils2;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

/**
 * <p>
 * DynaBean which automatically adds properties to the {@code DynaClass} and provides <em>Lazy List</em> and <em>Lazy Map</em> features.
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * DynaBeans deal with three types of properties - <em>simple</em>, <em>indexed</em> and <em>mapped</em> and have the following
 * {@code get()</code> and <code>set()} methods for
 *    each of these types:</p>
 *    <ul>
 *        <li><em>Simple</em> property methods - {@code get(name)} and
 *                          {@code set(name, value)}</li>
 *        <li><em>Indexed</em> property methods - {@code get(name, index)} and
 *                          {@code set(name, index, value)}</li>
 *        <li><em>Mapped</em> property methods - {@code get(name, key)} and
 *                          {@code set(name, key, value)}</li>
 *    </ul>
 *
 * <p><strong><u>Getting Property Values</u></strong></p>
 * <p>Calling any of the {@code get()} methods, for a property which
 *    doesn't exist, returns {@code null} in this implementation.</p>
 *
 * <p><strong><u>Setting Simple Properties</u></strong></p>
 *    <p>The {@code LazyDynaBean</code> will automatically add a property to the <code>DynaClass}
 *       if it doesn't exist when the {@code set(name, value)} method is called.</p>
 *
 *     <pre>{@code
 *         DynaBean myBean = new LazyDynaBean();
 *         myBean.set("myProperty", "myValue");
 *     }</pre>
 *
 * <p><strong><u>Setting Indexed Properties</u></strong></p>
 *    <p>If the property <strong>doesn't</strong> exist, the {@code LazyDynaBean} will automatically add
 *       a property with an {@code ArrayList</code> type to the <code>DynaClass} when
 *       the {@code set(name, index, value)} method is called.
 *       It will also instantiate a new {@code ArrayList} and automatically <em>grow</em>
 *       the {@code List} so that it is big enough to accommodate the index being set.
 *       {@code ArrayList} is the default indexed property that LazyDynaBean uses but
 *       this can be easily changed by overriding the {@code defaultIndexedProperty(name)}
 *       method.</p>
 *
 *     <pre>{@code
 *         DynaBean myBean = new LazyDynaBean();
 *         myBean.set("myIndexedProperty", 0, "myValue1");
 *         myBean.set("myIndexedProperty", 1, "myValue2");
 *     }</pre>
 *
 *    <p>If the indexed property <strong>does</strong> exist in the {@code DynaClass} but is set to
 *      {@code null</code> in the <code>LazyDynaBean}, then it will instantiate a
 *      new {@code List</code> or <code>Array} as specified by the property's type
 *      in the {@code DynaClass</code> and automatically <em>grow</em> the <code>List}
 *      or {@code Array} so that it is big enough to accommodate the index being set.</p>
 *
 *     <pre>{@code
 *         DynaBean myBean = new LazyDynaBean();
 *         MutableDynaClass myClass = (MutableDynaClass)myBean.getDynaClass();
 *         myClass.add("myIndexedProperty", int[].class);
 *         myBean.set("myIndexedProperty", 0, Integer.valueOf(10));
 *         myBean.set("myIndexedProperty", 1, Integer.valueOf(20));
 *     }</pre>
 *
 * <p><strong><u>Setting Mapped Properties</u></strong></p>
 *    <p>If the property <strong>doesn't</strong> exist, the {@code LazyDynaBean} will automatically add
 *       a property with a {@code HashMap</code> type to the <code>DynaClass} and
 *       instantiate a new {@code HashMap} in the DynaBean when the
 *       {@code set(name, key, value)</code> method is called. <code>HashMap} is the default
 *       mapped property that LazyDynaBean uses but this can be easily changed by overriding
 *       the {@code defaultMappedProperty(name)} method.</p>
 *
 *     <pre>{@code
 *         DynaBean myBean = new LazyDynaBean();
 *         myBean.set("myMappedProperty", "myKey", "myValue");
 *     }</pre>
 *
 *    <p>If the mapped property <strong>does</strong> exist in the {@code DynaClass} but is set to
 *      {@code null</code> in the <code>LazyDynaBean}, then it will instantiate a
 *      new {@code Map</code> as specified by the property's type in the <code>DynaClass}.</p>
 *
 *     <pre>{@code
 *         DynaBean myBean = new LazyDynaBean();
 *         MutableDynaClass myClass = (MutableDynaClass)myBean.getDynaClass();
 *         myClass.add("myMappedProperty", TreeMap.class);
 *         myBean.set("myMappedProperty", "myKey", "myValue");
 *     }</pre>
 *
 * <p><strong><u><em>Restricted</em> DynaClass</u></strong></p>
 *    <p>{@code MutableDynaClass</code> have a facility to <em>restrict</em> the <code>DynaClass} so that its properties cannot be modified. If the
 * {@code MutableDynaClass} is restricted then calling any of the {@code set()} methods for a property which doesn't exist will result in a
 * {@code IllegalArgumentException} being thrown.
 * </p>
 *
 * @see LazyDynaClass
 */
public class LazyDynaBean implements DynaBean {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * Commons Logging
     */
    private static transient Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(LazyDynaBean.class);

    /** BigInteger Zero */
    protected static final BigInteger BigInteger_ZERO = new BigInteger("0");
    /** BigDecimal Zero */
    protected static final BigDecimal BigDecimal_ZERO = new BigDecimal("0");
    /** Character Space */
    protected static final Character Character_SPACE = Character.valueOf(' ');
    /** Byte Zero */
    protected static final Byte Byte_ZERO = Byte.valueOf((byte) 0);
    /** Short Zero */
    protected static final Short Short_ZERO = Short.valueOf((short) 0);
    /** Integer Zero */
    protected static final Integer Integer_ZERO = Integer.valueOf(0);
    /** Long Zero */
    protected static final Long Long_ZERO = Long.valueOf(0);
    /** Float Zero */
    protected static final Float Float_ZERO = Float.valueOf((byte) 0);
    /** Double Zero */
    protected static final Double Double_ZERO = Double.valueOf((byte) 0);

    static final LazyDynaBean[] EMPTY_ARRAY = {};

    /**
     * The {@code MutableDynaClass} "base class" that this DynaBean is associated with.
     */
    protected Map<String, Object> values;

    /** Map decorator for this DynaBean */
    private transient Map<String, Object> mapDecorator;

    /**
     * The {@code MutableDynaClass} "base class" that this DynaBean is associated with.
     */
    protected MutableDynaClass dynaClass;

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code LazyDynaBean</code> with a <code>LazyDynaClass} instance.
     */
    public LazyDynaBean() {
        this(new LazyDynaClass());
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code DynaBean} associated with the specified {@code DynaClass</code> instance - if its not a <code>MutableDynaClass} then a new
     * {@code LazyDynaClass} is created and the properties copied.
     *
     * @param dynaClass The DynaClass we are associated with
     */
    public LazyDynaBean(final DynaClass dynaClass) {
        values = newMap();

        if (dynaClass instanceof MutableDynaClass) {
            this.dynaClass = (MutableDynaClass) dynaClass;
        } else {
            this.dynaClass = new LazyDynaClass(dynaClass.getName(), dynaClass.getDynaProperties());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code LazyDynaBean</code> with a <code>LazyDynaClass} instance.
     *
     * @param name Name of this DynaBean class
     */
    public LazyDynaBean(final String name) {
        this(new LazyDynaClass(name));
    }

    /**
     * Does the specified mapped property contain a value for the specified key value?
     *
     * @param name Name of the property to check
     * @param key  Name of the key to check
     * @return {@code true} if the mapped property contains a value for the specified key, otherwise {@code false}
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if no property name is specified
     */
    @Override
    public boolean contains(final String name, final String key) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        final Object value = values.get(name);
        if (value == null) {
            return false;
        }

        if (value instanceof Map) {
            return ((Map<?, ?>) value).containsKey(key);
        }

        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Create a new Instance of a 'DynaBean' Property.
     *
     * @param name The name of the property
     * @param type The class of the property
     * @return The new value
     */
    protected Object createDynaBeanProperty(final String name, final Class<?> type) {
        try {
            return type.newInstance();
        } catch (final Exception ex) {
            if (logger().isWarnEnabled()) {
                logger().warn("Error instantiating DynaBean property of type '" + type.getName() + "' for '" + name + "' ", ex);
            }
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Create a new Instance of an 'Indexed' Property
     *
     * @param name The name of the property
     * @param type The class of the property
     * @return The new value
     */
    protected Object createIndexedProperty(final String name, final Class<?> type) {
        // Create the indexed object
        Object indexedProperty = null;

        if (type == null) {

            indexedProperty = defaultIndexedProperty(name);

        } else if (type.isArray()) {

            indexedProperty = Array.newInstance(type.getComponentType(), 0);

        } else if (List.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
            if (type.isInterface()) {
                indexedProperty = defaultIndexedProperty(name);
            } else {
                try {
                    indexedProperty = type.newInstance();
                } catch (final Exception ex) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Error instantiating indexed property of type '" + type.getName() + "' for '" + name + "' " + ex);
                }
            }
        } else {

            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-indexed property of type '" + type.getName() + "' for '" + name + "'");
        }

        return indexedProperty;
    }

    /**
     * Create a new Instance of a 'Mapped' Property
     *
     * @param name The name of the property
     * @param type The class of the property
     * @return The new value
     */
    protected Object createMappedProperty(final String name, final Class<?> type) {
        // Create the mapped object
        Object mappedProperty = null;

        if (type == null || type.isInterface()) {

            mappedProperty = defaultMappedProperty(name);

        } else if (Map.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
            try {
                mappedProperty = type.newInstance();
            } catch (final Exception ex) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Error instantiating mapped property of type '" + type.getName() + "' for '" + name + "' " + ex);
            }
        } else {

            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-mapped property of type '" + type.getName() + "' for '" + name + "'");
        }

        return mappedProperty;
    }

    /**
     * Create a new Instance of a {@link Number} Property.
     *
     * @param name The name of the property
     * @param type The class of the property
     * @return The new value
     */
    protected Object createNumberProperty(final String name, final Class<?> type) {
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Create a new Instance of other Property types
     *
     * @param name The name of the property
     * @param type The class of the property
     * @return The new value
     */
    protected Object createOtherProperty(final String name, final Class<?> type) {
        if (type == Object.class || type == String.class || type == Boolean.class || type == Character.class || Date.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {

            return null;

        }

        try {
            return type.newInstance();
        } catch (final Exception ex) {
            if (logger().isWarnEnabled()) {
                logger().warn("Error instantiating property of type '" + type.getName() + "' for '" + name + "' ", ex);
            }
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Create a new Instance of a 'Primitive' Property.
     *
     * @param name The name of the property
     * @param type The class of the property
     * @return The new value
     */
    protected Object createPrimitiveProperty(final String name, final Class<?> type) {
        if (type == Boolean.TYPE) {
            return Boolean.FALSE;
        }
        if (type == Integer.TYPE) {
            return Integer_ZERO;
        }
        if (type == Long.TYPE) {
            return Long_ZERO;
        }
        if (type == Double.TYPE) {
            return Double_ZERO;
        }
        if (type == Float.TYPE) {
            return Float_ZERO;
        }
        if (type == Byte.TYPE) {
            return Byte_ZERO;
        }
        if (type == Short.TYPE) {
            return Short_ZERO;
        }
        if (type == Character.TYPE) {
            return Character_SPACE;
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Create a new Instance of a Property
     *
     * @param name The name of the property
     * @param type The class of the property
     * @return The new value
     */
    protected Object createProperty(final String name, final Class<?> type) {
        if (type == null) {
            return null;
        }

        // Create Lists, arrays or DynaBeans
        if (type.isArray() || List.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
            return createIndexedProperty(name, type);
        }

        if (Map.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
            return createMappedProperty(name, type);
        }

        if (DynaBean.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
            return createDynaBeanProperty(name, type);
        }

        if (type.isPrimitive()) {
            return createPrimitiveProperty(name, type);
        }

        if (Number.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
            return createNumberProperty(name, type);
        }

        return createOtherProperty(name, type);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Creates a new {@code ArrayList} for an 'indexed' property which doesn't exist.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method should be overridden if an alternative {@code List} or {@code Array} implementation is required for 'indexed' properties.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param name Name of the 'indexed property.
     * @return The default value for an indexed property (java.util.ArrayList)
     */
    protected Object defaultIndexedProperty(final String name) {
        return new ArrayList<>();
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Creates a new {@code HashMap} for a 'mapped' property which doesn't exist.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method can be overridden if an alternative {@code Map} implementation is required for 'mapped' properties.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param name Name of the 'mapped property.
     * @return The default value for a mapped property (java.util.HashMap)
     */
    protected Map<String, Object> defaultMappedProperty(final String name) {
        return new HashMap<>();
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return the value of a simple property with the specified name.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>N.B.</strong> Returns {@code null} if there is no property of the specified name.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param name Name of the property whose value is to be retrieved.
     * @return The property's value
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if no property name is specified
     */
    @Override
    public Object get(final String name) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Value found
        Object value = values.get(name);
        if (value != null) {
            return value;
        }

        // Property doesn't exist
        if (!isDynaProperty(name)) {
            return null;
        }

        // Property doesn't exist
        value = createProperty(name, dynaClass.getDynaProperty(name).getType());

        if (value != null) {
            set(name, value);
        }

        return value;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return the value of an indexed property with the specified name.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>N.B.</strong> Returns {@code null} if there is no 'indexed' property of the specified name.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param name  Name of the property whose value is to be retrieved
     * @param index Index of the value to be retrieved
     * @return The indexed property's value
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if the specified property exists, but is not indexed
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the specified index is outside the range of the underlying property
     */
    @Override
    public Object get(final String name, final int index) {
        // If its not a property, then create default indexed property
        if (!isDynaProperty(name)) {
            set(name, defaultIndexedProperty(name));
        }

        // Get the indexed property
        Object indexedProperty = get(name);

        // Check that the property is indexed
        if (!dynaClass.getDynaProperty(name).isIndexed()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-indexed property for '" + name + "[" + index + "]' " + dynaClass.getDynaProperty(name).getName());
        }

        // Grow indexed property to appropriate size
        indexedProperty = growIndexedProperty(name, indexedProperty, index);

        // Return the indexed value
        if (indexedProperty.getClass().isArray()) {
            return Array.get(indexedProperty, index);
        }
        if (indexedProperty instanceof List) {
            return ((List<?>) indexedProperty).get(index);
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-indexed property for '" + name + "[" + index + "]' " + indexedProperty.getClass().getName());
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return the value of a mapped property with the specified name.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>N.B.</strong> Returns {@code null} if there is no 'mapped' property of the specified name.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param name Name of the property whose value is to be retrieved
     * @param key  Key of the value to be retrieved
     * @return The mapped property's value
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified property exists, but is not mapped
     */
    @Override
    public Object get(final String name, final String key) {
        // If its not a property, then create default mapped property
        if (!isDynaProperty(name)) {
            set(name, defaultMappedProperty(name));
        }

        // Get the mapped property
        final Object mappedProperty = get(name);

        // Check that the property is mapped
        if (!dynaClass.getDynaProperty(name).isMapped()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-mapped property for '" + name + "(" + key + ")' " + dynaClass.getDynaProperty(name).getType().getName());
        }

        // Get the value from the Map
        if (mappedProperty instanceof Map) {
            return ((Map<?, ?>) mappedProperty).get(key);
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-mapped property for '" + name + "(" + key + ")'" + mappedProperty.getClass().getName());
    }

    /**
     * Gets the {@code DynaClass} instance that describes the set of properties available for this DynaBean.
     *
     * @return The associated DynaClass
     */
    @Override
    public DynaClass getDynaClass() {
        return dynaClass;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Gets a Map representation of this DynaBean.
     * </p>
     * This, for example, could be used in JSTL in the following way to access a DynaBean's {@code fooProperty}:
     * <ul>
     * <li>{@code ${myDynaBean.<strong>map</strong>.fooProperty}}</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * @return a Map representation of this DynaBean
     */
    public Map<String, Object> getMap() {
        // cache the Map
        if (mapDecorator == null) {
            mapDecorator = new DynaBeanPropertyMapDecorator(this);
        }
        return mapDecorator;
    }

    /**
     * Grow the size of an indexed property
     *
     * @param name            The name of the property
     * @param indexedProperty The current property value
     * @param index           The indexed value to grow the property to (i.e. one less than the required size)
     * @return The new property value (grown to the appropriate size)
     */
    protected Object growIndexedProperty(final String name, Object indexedProperty, final int index) {
        // Grow a List to the appropriate size
        if (indexedProperty instanceof List) {

            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            final
            // Indexed properties are stored as List<Object>
            List<Object> list = (List<Object>) indexedProperty;
            while (index >= list.size()) {
                final Class<?> contentType = getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name).getContentType();
                Object value = null;
                if (contentType != null) {
                    value = createProperty(name + "[" + list.size() + "]", contentType);
                }
                list.add(value);
            }

        }

        // Grow an Array to the appropriate size
        if (indexedProperty.getClass().isArray()) {

            final int length = Array.getLength(indexedProperty);
            if (index >= length) {
                final Class<?> componentType = indexedProperty.getClass().getComponentType();
                final Object newArray = Array.newInstance(componentType, index + 1);
                System.arraycopy(indexedProperty, 0, newArray, 0, length);
                indexedProperty = newArray;
                set(name, indexedProperty);
                final int newLength = Array.getLength(indexedProperty);
                for (int i = length; i < newLength; i++) {
                    Array.set(indexedProperty, i, createProperty(name + "[" + i + "]", componentType));
                }
            }
        }

        return indexedProperty;
    }

    /**
     * Is an object of the source class assignable to the destination class?
     *
     * @param dest   Destination class
     * @param source Source class
     * @return {@code true} if the source class is assignable to the destination class, otherwise {@code false}
     */
    protected boolean isAssignable(final Class<?> dest, final Class<?> source) {
        if (dest.isAssignableFrom(source) || dest == Boolean.TYPE && source == Boolean.class || dest == Byte.TYPE && source == Byte.class
                || dest == Character.TYPE && source == Character.class || dest == Double.TYPE && source == Double.class
                || dest == Float.TYPE && source == Float.class || dest == Integer.TYPE && source == Integer.class || dest == Long.TYPE && source == Long.class
                || dest == Short.TYPE && source == Short.class) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;

    }

    /**
     * Indicates if there is a property with the specified name.
     *
     * @param name The name of the property to check
     * @return {@code true} if there is a property of the specified name, otherwise {@code false}
     */
    protected boolean isDynaProperty(final String name) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Handle LazyDynaClasses
        if (dynaClass instanceof LazyDynaClass) {
            return ((LazyDynaClass) dynaClass).isDynaProperty(name);
        }
        // Handle other MutableDynaClass
        return dynaClass.getDynaProperty(name) != null;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Returns the {@code Log}.
     */
    private Log logger() {
        if (LOG == null) {
            LOG = LogFactory.getLog(LazyDynaBean.class);
        }
        return LOG;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Creates a new instance of the {@code Map}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @return a new Map instance
     */
    protected Map<String, Object> newMap() {
        return new HashMap<>();
    }

    /**
     * Remove any existing value for the specified key on the specified mapped property.
     *
     * @param name Name of the property for which a value is to be removed
     * @param key  Key of the value to be removed
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if there is no property of the specified name
     */
    @Override
    public void remove(final String name, final String key) {
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No property name specified");
        }

        final Object value = values.get(name);
        if (value == null) {
            return;
        }

        if (!(value instanceof Map)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-mapped property for '" + name + "(" + key + ")'" + value.getClass().getName());
        }
        ((Map<?, ?>) value).remove(key);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the value of an indexed property with the specified name.
     *
     * @param name  Name of the property whose value is to be set
     * @param index Index of the property to be set
     * @param value Value to which this property is to be set
     * @throws ConversionException       if the specified value cannot be converted to the type required for this property
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if there is no property of the specified name
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if the specified property exists, but is not indexed
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the specified index is outside the range of the underlying property
     */
    @Override
    public void set(final String name, final int index, final Object value) {
        // If its not a property, then create default indexed property
        if (!isDynaProperty(name)) {
            set(name, defaultIndexedProperty(name));
        }

        // Get the indexed property
        Object indexedProperty = get(name);

        // Check that the property is indexed
        if (!dynaClass.getDynaProperty(name).isIndexed()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-indexed property for '" + name + "[" + index + "]'" + dynaClass.getDynaProperty(name).getType().getName());
        }

        // Grow indexed property to appropriate size
        indexedProperty = growIndexedProperty(name, indexedProperty, index);

        // Set the value in an array
        if (indexedProperty.getClass().isArray()) {
            Array.set(indexedProperty, index, value);
        } else if (indexedProperty instanceof List) {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            final
            // Indexed properties are stored in a List<Object>
            List<Object> values = (List<Object>) indexedProperty;
            values.set(index, value);
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-indexed property for '" + name + "[" + index + "]' " + indexedProperty.getClass().getName());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the value of a simple property with the specified name.
     *
     * @param name  Name of the property whose value is to be set
     * @param value Value to which this property is to be set
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if this is not an existing property name for our DynaClass and the MutableDynaClass is restricted
     * @throws ConversionException      if the specified value cannot be converted to the type required for this property
     * @throws NullPointerException     if an attempt is made to set a primitive property to null
     */
    @Override
    public void set(final String name, final Object value) {
        // If the property doesn't exist, then add it
        if (!isDynaProperty(name)) {

            if (dynaClass.isRestricted()) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid property name '" + name + "' (DynaClass is restricted)");
            }
            if (value == null) {
                dynaClass.add(name);
            } else {
                dynaClass.add(name, value.getClass());
            }

        }

        final DynaProperty descriptor = dynaClass.getDynaProperty(name);

        if (value == null) {
            if (descriptor.getType().isPrimitive()) {
                throw new NullPointerException("Primitive value for '" + name + "'");
            }
        } else if (!isAssignable(descriptor.getType(), value.getClass())) {
            throw ConversionException.format("Cannot assign value of type '%s' to property '%s' of type '%s'", value.getClass().getName(), name,
                    descriptor.getType().getName());
        }

        // Set the property's value
        values.put(name, value);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the value of a mapped property with the specified name.
     *
     * @param name  Name of the property whose value is to be set
     * @param key   Key of the property to be set
     * @param value Value to which this property is to be set
     * @throws ConversionException      if the specified value cannot be converted to the type required for this property
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if there is no property of the specified name
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified property exists, but is not mapped
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    @Override
    public void set(final String name, final String key, final Object value) {
        // If the 'mapped' property doesn't exist, then add it
        if (!isDynaProperty(name)) {
            set(name, defaultMappedProperty(name));
        }
        // Get the mapped property
        final Object mappedProperty = get(name);

        // Check that the property is mapped
        if (!dynaClass.getDynaProperty(name).isMapped()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-mapped property for '" + name + "(" + key + ")'" + dynaClass.getDynaProperty(name).getType().getName());
        }
        // Set the value in the Map
        // mapped properties are stored in a Map<String, Object>
        ((Map<String, Object>) mappedProperty).put(key, value);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return the size of an indexed or mapped property.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param name Name of the property
     * @return The indexed or mapped property size
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if no property name is specified
     */
    public int size(final String name) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        final Object value = values.get(name);
        if (value == null) {
            return 0;
        }

        if (value instanceof Map) {
            return ((Map<?, ?>) value).size();
        }

        if (value instanceof List) {
            return ((List<?>) value).size();
        }

        if (value.getClass().isArray()) {
            return Array.getLength(value);
        }

        return 0;
    }

}