Source code

001/*
002 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
003 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
004 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
005 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
006 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
007 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
008 *
009 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
010 *
011 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
012 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
013 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
014 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
015 * limitations under the License.
016 */
017
018package org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.linear;
019
020import java.text.FieldPosition;
021import java.text.NumberFormat;
022import java.text.ParsePosition;
023import java.util.ArrayList;
024import java.util.List;
025import java.util.Locale;
026
027import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.MathParseException;
028import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.util.CompositeFormat;
029
030/**
031 * Formats a {@code nxm} matrix in components list format
032 * "{{a<sub>0</sub><sub>0</sub>,a<sub>0</sub><sub>1</sub>, ...,
033 * a<sub>0</sub><sub>m-1</sub>},{a<sub>1</sub><sub>0</sub>,
034 * a<sub>1</sub><sub>1</sub>, ..., a<sub>1</sub><sub>m-1</sub>},{...},{
035 * a<sub>n-1</sub><sub>0</sub>, a<sub>n-1</sub><sub>1</sub>, ...,
036 * a<sub>n-1</sub><sub>m-1</sub>}}".
037 * <p>The prefix and suffix "{" and "}", the row prefix and suffix "{" and "}",
038 * the row separator "," and the column separator "," can be replaced by any
039 * user-defined strings. The number format for components can be configured.</p>
040 *
041 * <p>White space is ignored at parse time, even if it is in the prefix, suffix
042 * or separator specifications. So even if the default separator does include a space
043 * character that is used at format time, both input string "{{1,1,1}}" and
044 * " { { 1 , 1 , 1 } } " will be parsed without error and the same matrix will be
045 * returned. In the second case, however, the parse position after parsing will be
046 * just after the closing curly brace, i.e. just before the trailing space.</p>
047 *
048 * <p><b>Note:</b> the grouping functionality of the used {@link NumberFormat} is
049 * disabled to prevent problems when parsing (e.g. 1,345.34 would be a valid number
050 * but conflicts with the default column separator).</p>
051 *
052 * @since 3.1
053 */
054public class RealMatrixFormat {
055
056    /** The default prefix: "{". */
057    private static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "{";
058    /** The default suffix: "}". */
059    private static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = "}";
060    /** The default row prefix: "{". */
061    private static final String DEFAULT_ROW_PREFIX = "{";
062    /** The default row suffix: "}". */
063    private static final String DEFAULT_ROW_SUFFIX = "}";
064    /** The default row separator: ",". */
065    private static final String DEFAULT_ROW_SEPARATOR = ",";
066    /** The default column separator: ",". */
067    private static final String DEFAULT_COLUMN_SEPARATOR = ",";
068    /** Prefix. */
069    private final String prefix;
070    /** Suffix. */
071    private final String suffix;
072    /** Row prefix. */
073    private final String rowPrefix;
074    /** Row suffix. */
075    private final String rowSuffix;
076    /** Row separator. */
077    private final String rowSeparator;
078    /** Column separator. */
079    private final String columnSeparator;
080    /** The format used for components. */
081    private final NumberFormat format;
082
083    /**
084     * Create an instance with default settings.
085     * <p>The instance uses the default prefix, suffix and row/column separator:
086     * "[", "]", ";" and ", " and the default number format for components.</p>
087     */
088    public RealMatrixFormat() {
089        this(DEFAULT_PREFIX, DEFAULT_SUFFIX, DEFAULT_ROW_PREFIX, DEFAULT_ROW_SUFFIX,
090                DEFAULT_ROW_SEPARATOR, DEFAULT_COLUMN_SEPARATOR, CompositeFormat.getDefaultNumberFormat());
091    }
092
093    /**
094     * Create an instance with a custom number format for components.
095     * @param format the custom format for components.
096     */
097    public RealMatrixFormat(final NumberFormat format) {
098        this(DEFAULT_PREFIX, DEFAULT_SUFFIX, DEFAULT_ROW_PREFIX, DEFAULT_ROW_SUFFIX,
099                DEFAULT_ROW_SEPARATOR, DEFAULT_COLUMN_SEPARATOR, format);
100    }
101
102    /**
103     * Create an instance with custom prefix, suffix and separator.
104     * @param prefix prefix to use instead of the default "{"
105     * @param suffix suffix to use instead of the default "}"
106     * @param rowPrefix row prefix to use instead of the default "{"
107     * @param rowSuffix row suffix to use instead of the default "}"
108     * @param rowSeparator tow separator to use instead of the default ";"
109     * @param columnSeparator column separator to use instead of the default ", "
110     */
111    public RealMatrixFormat(final String prefix, final String suffix,
112                            final String rowPrefix, final String rowSuffix,
113                            final String rowSeparator, final String columnSeparator) {
114        this(prefix, suffix, rowPrefix, rowSuffix, rowSeparator, columnSeparator,
115                CompositeFormat.getDefaultNumberFormat());
116    }
117
118    /**
119     * Create an instance with custom prefix, suffix, separator and format
120     * for components.
121     * @param prefix prefix to use instead of the default "{"
122     * @param suffix suffix to use instead of the default "}"
123     * @param rowPrefix row prefix to use instead of the default "{"
124     * @param rowSuffix row suffix to use instead of the default "}"
125     * @param rowSeparator tow separator to use instead of the default ";"
126     * @param columnSeparator column separator to use instead of the default ", "
127     * @param format the custom format for components.
128     */
129    public RealMatrixFormat(final String prefix, final String suffix,
130                            final String rowPrefix, final String rowSuffix,
131                            final String rowSeparator, final String columnSeparator,
132                            final NumberFormat format) {
133        this.prefix            = prefix;
134        this.suffix            = suffix;
135        this.rowPrefix         = rowPrefix;
136        this.rowSuffix         = rowSuffix;
137        this.rowSeparator      = rowSeparator;
138        this.columnSeparator   = columnSeparator;
139        this.format            = format;
140        // disable grouping to prevent parsing problems
141        this.format.setGroupingUsed(false);
142    }
143
144    /**
145     * Get the set of locales for which real vectors formats are available.
146     * <p>This is the same set as the {@link NumberFormat} set.</p>
147     * @return available real vector format locales.
148     */
149    public static Locale[] getAvailableLocales() {
150        return NumberFormat.getAvailableLocales();
151    }
152
153    /**
154     * Get the format prefix.
155     * @return format prefix.
156     */
157    public String getPrefix() {
158        return prefix;
159    }
160
161    /**
162     * Get the format suffix.
163     * @return format suffix.
164     */
165    public String getSuffix() {
166        return suffix;
167    }
168
169    /**
170     * Get the format prefix.
171     * @return format prefix.
172     */
173    public String getRowPrefix() {
174        return rowPrefix;
175    }
176
177    /**
178     * Get the format suffix.
179     * @return format suffix.
180     */
181    public String getRowSuffix() {
182        return rowSuffix;
183    }
184
185    /**
186     * Get the format separator between rows of the matrix.
187     * @return format separator for rows.
188     */
189    public String getRowSeparator() {
190        return rowSeparator;
191    }
192
193    /**
194     * Get the format separator between components.
195     * @return format separator between components.
196     */
197    public String getColumnSeparator() {
198        return columnSeparator;
199    }
200
201    /**
202     * Get the components format.
203     * @return components format.
204     */
205    public NumberFormat getFormat() {
206        return format;
207    }
208
209    /**
210     * Returns the default real vector format for the current locale.
211     * @return the default real vector format.
212     */
213    public static RealMatrixFormat getInstance() {
214        return getInstance(Locale.getDefault());
215    }
216
217    /**
218     * Returns the default real vector format for the given locale.
219     * @param locale the specific locale used by the format.
220     * @return the real vector format specific to the given locale.
221     */
222    public static RealMatrixFormat getInstance(final Locale locale) {
223        return new RealMatrixFormat(CompositeFormat.getDefaultNumberFormat(locale));
224    }
225
226    /**
227     * This method calls {@link #format(RealMatrix,StringBuffer,FieldPosition)}.
228     *
229     * @param m RealMatrix object to format.
230     * @return a formatted matrix.
231     */
232    public String format(RealMatrix m) {
233        return format(m, new StringBuffer(), new FieldPosition(0)).toString();
234    }
235
236    /**
237     * Formats a {@link RealMatrix} object to produce a string.
238     * @param matrix the object to format.
239     * @param toAppendTo where the text is to be appended
240     * @param pos On input: an alignment field, if desired. On output: the
241     *            offsets of the alignment field
242     * @return the value passed in as toAppendTo.
243     */
244    public StringBuffer format(RealMatrix matrix, StringBuffer toAppendTo,
245                               FieldPosition pos) {
246
247        pos.setBeginIndex(0);
248        pos.setEndIndex(0);
249
250        // format prefix
251        toAppendTo.append(prefix);
252
253        // format rows
254        final int rows = matrix.getRowDimension();
255        for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
256            toAppendTo.append(rowPrefix);
257            for (int j = 0; j < matrix.getColumnDimension(); ++j) {
258                if (j > 0) {
259                    toAppendTo.append(columnSeparator);
260                }
261                CompositeFormat.formatDouble(matrix.getEntry(i, j), format, toAppendTo, pos);
262            }
263            toAppendTo.append(rowSuffix);
264            if (i < rows - 1) {
265                toAppendTo.append(rowSeparator);
266            }
267        }
268
269        // format suffix
270        toAppendTo.append(suffix);
271
272        return toAppendTo;
273    }
274
275    /**
276     * Parse a string to produce a {@link RealMatrix} object.
277     *
278     * @param source String to parse.
279     * @return the parsed {@link RealMatrix} object.
280     * @throws MathParseException if the beginning of the specified string
281     * cannot be parsed.
282     */
283    public RealMatrix parse(String source) {
284        final ParsePosition parsePosition = new ParsePosition(0);
285        final RealMatrix result = parse(source, parsePosition);
286        if (parsePosition.getIndex() == 0) {
287            throw new MathParseException(source,
288                                         parsePosition.getErrorIndex(),
289                                         Array2DRowRealMatrix.class);
290        }
291        return result;
292    }
293
294    /**
295     * Parse a string to produce a {@link RealMatrix} object.
296     *
297     * @param source String to parse.
298     * @param pos input/output parsing parameter.
299     * @return the parsed {@link RealMatrix} object.
300     */
301    public RealMatrix parse(String source, ParsePosition pos) {
302        int initialIndex = pos.getIndex();
303
304        final String trimmedPrefix = prefix.trim();
305        final String trimmedSuffix = suffix.trim();
306        final String trimmedRowPrefix = rowPrefix.trim();
307        final String trimmedRowSuffix = rowSuffix.trim();
308        final String trimmedColumnSeparator = columnSeparator.trim();
309        final String trimmedRowSeparator = rowSeparator.trim();
310
311        // parse prefix
312        CompositeFormat.parseAndIgnoreWhitespace(source, pos);
313        if (!CompositeFormat.parseFixedstring(source, trimmedPrefix, pos)) {
314            return null;
315        }
316
317        // parse components
318        List<List<Number>> matrix = new ArrayList<>();
319        List<Number> rowComponents = new ArrayList<>();
320        for (boolean loop = true; loop;){
321
322            if (!rowComponents.isEmpty()) {
323                CompositeFormat.parseAndIgnoreWhitespace(source, pos);
324                if (!CompositeFormat.parseFixedstring(source, trimmedColumnSeparator, pos)) {
325                    if (!trimmedRowSuffix.isEmpty() &&
326                        !CompositeFormat.parseFixedstring(source, trimmedRowSuffix, pos)) {
327                        return null;
328                    }
329                    CompositeFormat.parseAndIgnoreWhitespace(source, pos);
330                    if (CompositeFormat.parseFixedstring(source, trimmedRowSeparator, pos)) {
331                        matrix.add(rowComponents);
332                        rowComponents = new ArrayList<>();
333                        continue;
334                    }
335                    loop = false;
336                }
337            } else {
338                CompositeFormat.parseAndIgnoreWhitespace(source, pos);
339                if (!trimmedRowPrefix.isEmpty() &&
340                    !CompositeFormat.parseFixedstring(source, trimmedRowPrefix, pos)) {
341                    return null;
342                }
343            }
344
345            if (loop) {
346                CompositeFormat.parseAndIgnoreWhitespace(source, pos);
347                Number component = CompositeFormat.parseNumber(source, format, pos);
348                if (component != null) {
349                    rowComponents.add(component);
350                } else {
351                    if (rowComponents.isEmpty()) {
352                        loop = false;
353                    } else {
354                        // invalid component
355                        // set index back to initial, error index should already be set
356                        pos.setIndex(initialIndex);
357                        return null;
358                    }
359                }
360            }
361        }
362
363        if (!rowComponents.isEmpty()) {
364            matrix.add(rowComponents);
365        }
366
367        // parse suffix
368        CompositeFormat.parseAndIgnoreWhitespace(source, pos);
369        if (!CompositeFormat.parseFixedstring(source, trimmedSuffix, pos)) {
370            return null;
371        }
372
373        // do not allow an empty matrix
374        if (matrix.isEmpty()) {
375            pos.setIndex(initialIndex);
376            return null;
377        }
378
379        // build vector
380        double[][] data = new double[matrix.size()][];
381        int row = 0;
382        for (List<Number> rowList : matrix) {
383            data[row] = new double[rowList.size()];
384            for (int i = 0; i < rowList.size(); i++) {
385                data[row][i] = rowList.get(i).doubleValue();
386            }
387            row++;
388        }
389        return MatrixUtils.createRealMatrix(data);
390    }
391}