/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.commons.net.io;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.net.Socket;

/***
 * The Util class cannot be instantiated and stores short static convenience
 * methods that are often quite useful.
 *
 *
 * @see CopyStreamException
 * @see CopyStreamListener
 * @see CopyStreamAdapter
 ***/

public final class Util
{
    /**
     * The default buffer size ({@value}) used by
     * {@link #copyStream  copyStream } and {@link #copyReader  copyReader}
     * and by the copyReader/copyStream methods if a zero or negative buffer size is supplied.
     */
    public static final int DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;

    // Cannot be instantiated
    private Util()
    { }


    /***
     * Copies the contents of an InputStream to an OutputStream using a
     * copy buffer of a given size and notifies the provided
     * CopyStreamListener of the progress of the copy operation by calling
     * its bytesTransferred(long, int) method after each write to the
     * destination.  If you wish to notify more than one listener you should
     * use a CopyStreamAdapter as the listener and register the additional
     * listeners with the CopyStreamAdapter.
     * <p>
     * The contents of the InputStream are
     * read until the end of the stream is reached, but neither the
     * source nor the destination are closed.  You must do this yourself
     * outside of the method call.  The number of bytes read/written is
     * returned.
     *
     * @param source  The source InputStream.
     * @param dest    The destination OutputStream.
     * @param bufferSize  The number of bytes to buffer during the copy.
     *            A zero or negative value means to use {@link #DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE}.
     * @param streamSize  The number of bytes in the stream being copied.
     *          Should be set to CopyStreamEvent.UNKNOWN_STREAM_SIZE if unknown.
     * Not currently used (though it is passed to {@link CopyStreamListener#bytesTransferred(long, int, long)}
     * @param listener  The CopyStreamListener to notify of progress.  If
     *      this parameter is null, notification is not attempted.
     * @param flush Whether to flush the output stream after every
     *        write.  This is necessary for interactive sessions that rely on
     *        buffered streams.  If you don't flush, the data will stay in
     *        the stream buffer.
     * @return number of bytes read/written
     * @exception CopyStreamException  If an error occurs while reading from the
     *            source or writing to the destination.  The CopyStreamException
     *            will contain the number of bytes confirmed to have been
     *            transferred before an
     *            IOException occurred, and it will also contain the IOException
     *            that caused the error.  These values can be retrieved with
     *            the CopyStreamException getTotalBytesTransferred() and
     *            getIOException() methods.
     ***/
    public static final long copyStream(InputStream source, OutputStream dest,
                                        int bufferSize, long streamSize,
                                        CopyStreamListener listener,
                                        boolean flush)
    throws CopyStreamException
    {
        int numBytes;
        long total = 0;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize > 0 ? bufferSize : DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE];

        try
        {
            while ((numBytes = source.read(buffer)) != -1)
            {
                // Technically, some read(byte[]) methods may return 0 and we cannot
                // accept that as an indication of EOF.

                if (numBytes == 0)
                {
                    int singleByte = source.read();
                    if (singleByte < 0) {
                        break;
                    }
                    dest.write(singleByte);
                    if(flush) {
                        dest.flush();
                    }
                    ++total;
                    if (listener != null) {
                        listener.bytesTransferred(total, 1, streamSize);
                    }
                    continue;
                }

                dest.write(buffer, 0, numBytes);
                if(flush) {
                    dest.flush();
                }
                total += numBytes;
                if (listener != null) {
                    listener.bytesTransferred(total, numBytes, streamSize);
                }
            }
        }
        catch (IOException e)
        {
            throw new CopyStreamException("IOException caught while copying.",
                                          total, e);
        }

        return total;
    }


    /***
     * Copies the contents of an InputStream to an OutputStream using a
     * copy buffer of a given size and notifies the provided
     * CopyStreamListener of the progress of the copy operation by calling
     * its bytesTransferred(long, int) method after each write to the
     * destination.  If you wish to notify more than one listener you should
     * use a CopyStreamAdapter as the listener and register the additional
     * listeners with the CopyStreamAdapter.
     * <p>
     * The contents of the InputStream are
     * read until the end of the stream is reached, but neither the
     * source nor the destination are closed.  You must do this yourself
     * outside of the method call.  The number of bytes read/written is
     * returned.
     *
     * @param source  The source InputStream.
     * @param dest    The destination OutputStream.
     * @param bufferSize  The number of bytes to buffer during the copy.
     *            A zero or negative value means to use {@link #DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE}.
     * @param streamSize  The number of bytes in the stream being copied.
     *          Should be set to CopyStreamEvent.UNKNOWN_STREAM_SIZE if unknown.
     * Not currently used (though it is passed to {@link CopyStreamListener#bytesTransferred(long, int, long)}
     * @param listener  The CopyStreamListener to notify of progress.  If
     *      this parameter is null, notification is not attempted.
     * @return number of bytes read/written
     * @exception CopyStreamException  If an error occurs while reading from the
     *            source or writing to the destination.  The CopyStreamException
     *            will contain the number of bytes confirmed to have been
     *            transferred before an
     *            IOException occurred, and it will also contain the IOException
     *            that caused the error.  These values can be retrieved with
     *            the CopyStreamException getTotalBytesTransferred() and
     *            getIOException() methods.
     ***/
    public static final long copyStream(InputStream source, OutputStream dest,
                                        int bufferSize, long streamSize,
                                        CopyStreamListener listener)
    throws CopyStreamException
    {
      return copyStream(source, dest, bufferSize, streamSize, listener,
                        true);
    }


    /***
     * Copies the contents of an InputStream to an OutputStream using a
     * copy buffer of a given size.  The contents of the InputStream are
     * read until the end of the stream is reached, but neither the
     * source nor the destination are closed.  You must do this yourself
     * outside of the method call.  The number of bytes read/written is
     * returned.
     *
     * @param source  The source InputStream.
     * @param dest    The destination OutputStream.
     * @param bufferSize  The number of bytes to buffer during the copy.
     *            A zero or negative value means to use {@link #DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE}.
     * @return  The number of bytes read/written in the copy operation.
     * @exception CopyStreamException  If an error occurs while reading from the
     *            source or writing to the destination.  The CopyStreamException
     *            will contain the number of bytes confirmed to have been
     *            transferred before an
     *            IOException occurred, and it will also contain the IOException
     *            that caused the error.  These values can be retrieved with
     *            the CopyStreamException getTotalBytesTransferred() and
     *            getIOException() methods.
     ***/
    public static final long copyStream(InputStream source, OutputStream dest,
                                        int bufferSize)
    throws CopyStreamException
    {
        return copyStream(source, dest, bufferSize,
                          CopyStreamEvent.UNKNOWN_STREAM_SIZE, null);
    }


    /***
     * Same as <code> copyStream(source, dest, DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE); </code>
     * @param source where to copy from
     * @param dest  where to copy to
     * @return number of bytes copied
     * @throws CopyStreamException on error
     ***/
    public static final long copyStream(InputStream source, OutputStream dest)
    throws CopyStreamException
    {
        return copyStream(source, dest, DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE);
    }


    /***
     * Copies the contents of a Reader to a Writer using a
     * copy buffer of a given size and notifies the provided
     * CopyStreamListener of the progress of the copy operation by calling
     * its bytesTransferred(long, int) method after each write to the
     * destination.  If you wish to notify more than one listener you should
     * use a CopyStreamAdapter as the listener and register the additional
     * listeners with the CopyStreamAdapter.
     * <p>
     * The contents of the Reader are
     * read until its end is reached, but neither the source nor the
     * destination are closed.  You must do this yourself outside of the
     * method call.  The number of characters read/written is returned.
     *
     * @param source  The source Reader.
     * @param dest    The destination writer.
     * @param bufferSize  The number of characters to buffer during the copy.
     *            A zero or negative value means to use {@link #DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE}.
     * @param streamSize  The number of characters in the stream being copied.
     *          Should be set to CopyStreamEvent.UNKNOWN_STREAM_SIZE if unknown.
     * Not currently used (though it is passed to {@link CopyStreamListener#bytesTransferred(long, int, long)}
     * @param listener  The CopyStreamListener to notify of progress.  If
     *      this parameter is null, notification is not attempted.
     * @return  The number of characters read/written in the copy operation.
     * @exception CopyStreamException  If an error occurs while reading from the
     *            source or writing to the destination.  The CopyStreamException
     *            will contain the number of bytes confirmed to have been
     *            transferred before an
     *            IOException occurred, and it will also contain the IOException
     *            that caused the error.  These values can be retrieved with
     *            the CopyStreamException getTotalBytesTransferred() and
     *            getIOException() methods.
     ***/
    public static final long copyReader(Reader source, Writer dest,
                                        int bufferSize, long streamSize,
                                        CopyStreamListener listener)
    throws CopyStreamException
    {
        int numChars;
        long total = 0;
        char[] buffer = new char[bufferSize > 0 ? bufferSize : DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE];

        try
        {
            while ((numChars = source.read(buffer)) != -1)
            {
                // Technically, some read(char[]) methods may return 0 and we cannot
                // accept that as an indication of EOF.
                if (numChars == 0)
                {
                    int singleChar = source.read();
                    if (singleChar < 0) {
                        break;
                    }
                    dest.write(singleChar);
                    dest.flush();
                    ++total;
                    if (listener != null) {
                        listener.bytesTransferred(total, 1, streamSize);
                    }
                    continue;
                }

                dest.write(buffer, 0, numChars);
                dest.flush();
                total += numChars;
                if (listener != null) {
                    listener.bytesTransferred(total, numChars, streamSize);
                }
            }
        }
        catch (IOException e)
        {
            throw new CopyStreamException("IOException caught while copying.",
                                          total, e);
        }

        return total;
    }


    /***
     * Copies the contents of a Reader to a Writer using a
     * copy buffer of a given size.  The contents of the Reader are
     * read until its end is reached, but neither the source nor the
     * destination are closed.  You must do this yourself outside of the
     * method call.  The number of characters read/written is returned.
     *
     * @param source  The source Reader.
     * @param dest    The destination writer.
     * @param bufferSize  The number of characters to buffer during the copy.
     *            A zero or negative value means to use {@link #DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE}.
     * @return  The number of characters read/written in the copy operation.
     * @exception CopyStreamException  If an error occurs while reading from the
     *            source or writing to the destination.  The CopyStreamException
     *            will contain the number of bytes confirmed to have been
     *            transferred before an
     *            IOException occurred, and it will also contain the IOException
     *            that caused the error.  These values can be retrieved with
     *            the CopyStreamException getTotalBytesTransferred() and
     *            getIOException() methods.
     ***/
    public static final long copyReader(Reader source, Writer dest,
                                        int bufferSize)
    throws CopyStreamException
    {
        return copyReader(source, dest, bufferSize,
                          CopyStreamEvent.UNKNOWN_STREAM_SIZE, null);
    }


    /***
     * Same as <code> copyReader(source, dest, DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE); </code>
     * @param source where to copy from
     * @param dest  where to copy to
     * @return number of bytes copied
     * @throws CopyStreamException on error
     ***/
    public static final long copyReader(Reader source, Writer dest)
    throws CopyStreamException
    {
        return copyReader(source, dest, DEFAULT_COPY_BUFFER_SIZE);
    }

    /**
     * Closes the object quietly, catching rather than throwing IOException.
     * Intended for use from finally blocks.
     *
     * @param closeable the object to close, may be {@code null}
     * @since 3.0
     */
    public static void closeQuietly(Closeable closeable) {
        if (closeable != null) {
            try {
                closeable.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // Ignored
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Closes the socket quietly, catching rather than throwing IOException.
     * Intended for use from finally blocks.
     *
     * @param socket the socket to close, may be {@code null}
     * @since 3.0
     */
    public static void closeQuietly(Socket socket) {
        if (socket != null) {
            try {
                socket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // Ignored
            }
        }
    }
}