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1   /*
2    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
3    * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
4    * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
5    * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
6    * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
7    * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
8    *
9    *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10   *
11   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
12   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
13   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
14   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
15   * limitations under the License.
16   */
17  package org.apache.commons.codec.digest;
18  
19  import java.security.MessageDigest;
20  import java.util.Arrays;
21  import java.util.regex.Matcher;
22  import java.util.regex.Pattern;
23  
24  import org.apache.commons.codec.Charsets;
25  
26  /**
27   * The libc crypt() "$1$" and Apache "$apr1$" MD5-based hash algorithm.
28   * <p>
29   * Based on the public domain ("beer-ware") C implementation from Poul-Henning Kamp which was found at: <a
30   * href="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/lib/libcrypt/crypt-md5.c?rev=1.1;content-type=text%2Fplain">
31   * crypt-md5.c @ freebsd.org</a><br/>
32   * <p>
33   * Source:
34   *
35   * <pre>
36   * $FreeBSD: src/lib/libcrypt/crypt-md5.c,v 1.1 1999/01/21 13:50:09 brandon Exp $
37   * </pre>
38   * <p>
39   * Conversion to Kotlin and from there to Java in 2012.
40   * <p>
41   * The C style comments are from the original C code, the ones with "//" from the port.
42   * <p>
43   * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
44   *
45   * @version $Id: Md5Crypt.html 889935 2013-12-11 05:05:13Z ggregory $
46   * @since 1.7
47   */
48  public class Md5Crypt {
49  
50      /** The Identifier of the Apache variant. */
51      static final String APR1_PREFIX = "$apr1$";
52  
53      /** The number of bytes of the final hash. */
54      private static final int BLOCKSIZE = 16;
55  
56      /** The Identifier of this crypt() variant. */
57      static final String MD5_PREFIX = "$1$";
58  
59      /** The number of rounds of the big loop. */
60      private static final int ROUNDS = 1000;
61  
62      /**
63       * See {@link #apr1Crypt(String, String)} for details.
64       *
65       * @throws RuntimeException
66       *             when a {@link java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException} is caught. *
67       */
68      public static String apr1Crypt(final byte[] keyBytes) {
69          return apr1Crypt(keyBytes, APR1_PREFIX + B64.getRandomSalt(8));
70      }
71  
72      /**
73       * See {@link #apr1Crypt(String, String)} for details.
74       *
75       * @throws IllegalArgumentException
76       *             if the salt does not match the allowed pattern
77       * @throws RuntimeException
78       *             when a {@link java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException} is caught.
79       */
80      public static String apr1Crypt(final byte[] keyBytes, String salt) {
81          // to make the md5Crypt regex happy
82          if (salt != null && !salt.startsWith(APR1_PREFIX)) {
83              salt = APR1_PREFIX + salt;
84          }
85          return Md5Crypt.md5Crypt(keyBytes, salt, APR1_PREFIX);
86      }
87  
88      /**
89       * See {@link #apr1Crypt(String, String)} for details.
90       *
91       * @throws RuntimeException
92       *             when a {@link java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException} is caught.
93       */
94      public static String apr1Crypt(final String keyBytes) {
95          return apr1Crypt(keyBytes.getBytes(Charsets.UTF_8));
96      }
97  
98      /**
99       * Generates an Apache htpasswd compatible "$apr1$" MD5 based hash value.
100      * <p>
101      * The algorithm is identical to the crypt(3) "$1$" one but produces different outputs due to the different salt
102      * prefix.
103      *
104      * @param keyBytes
105      *            plaintext string that should be hashed.
106      * @param salt
107      *            salt string including the prefix and optionally garbage at the end. Will be generated randomly if
108      *            null.
109      * @return computed hash value
110      * @throws IllegalArgumentException
111      *             if the salt does not match the allowed pattern
112      * @throws RuntimeException
113      *             when a {@link java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException} is caught.
114      */
115     public static String apr1Crypt(final String keyBytes, final String salt) {
116         return apr1Crypt(keyBytes.getBytes(Charsets.UTF_8), salt);
117     }
118 
119     /**
120      * Generates a libc6 crypt() compatible "$1$" hash value.
121      * <p>
122      * See {@link Crypt#crypt(String, String)} for details.
123      *
124      * @throws RuntimeException
125      *             when a {@link java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException} is caught.
126      */
127     public static String md5Crypt(final byte[] keyBytes) {
128         return md5Crypt(keyBytes, MD5_PREFIX + B64.getRandomSalt(8));
129     }
130 
131     /**
132      * Generates a libc crypt() compatible "$1$" MD5 based hash value.
133      * <p>
134      * See {@link Crypt#crypt(String, String)} for details.
135      *
136      * @param keyBytes
137      *            plaintext string that should be hashed.
138      * @param salt
139      *            salt string including the prefix and optionally garbage at the end. Will be generated randomly if
140      *            null.
141      * @return computed hash value
142      * @throws IllegalArgumentException
143      *             if the salt does not match the allowed pattern
144      * @throws RuntimeException
145      *             when a {@link java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException} is caught.
146      */
147     public static String md5Crypt(final byte[] keyBytes, final String salt) {
148         return md5Crypt(keyBytes, salt, MD5_PREFIX);
149     }
150 
151     /**
152      * Generates a libc6 crypt() "$1$" or Apache htpasswd "$apr1$" hash value.
153      * <p>
154      * See {@link Crypt#crypt(String, String)} or {@link #apr1Crypt(String, String)} for details.
155      *
156      * @throws IllegalArgumentException
157      *             if the salt does not match the allowed pattern
158      * @throws RuntimeException
159      *             when a {@link java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException} is caught.
160      */
161     public static String md5Crypt(final byte[] keyBytes, final String salt, final String prefix) {
162         final int keyLen = keyBytes.length;
163 
164         // Extract the real salt from the given string which can be a complete hash string.
165         String saltString;
166         if (salt == null) {
167             saltString = B64.getRandomSalt(8);
168         } else {
169             final Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^" + prefix.replace("$", "\\$") + "([\\.\\/a-zA-Z0-9]{1,8}).*");
170             final Matcher m = p.matcher(salt);
171             if (m == null || !m.find()) {
172                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid salt value: " + salt);
173             }
174             saltString = m.group(1);
175         }
176         final byte[] saltBytes = saltString.getBytes(Charsets.UTF_8);
177 
178         final MessageDigest ctx = DigestUtils.getMd5Digest();
179 
180         /*
181          * The password first, since that is what is most unknown
182          */
183         ctx.update(keyBytes);
184 
185         /*
186          * Then our magic string
187          */
188         ctx.update(prefix.getBytes(Charsets.UTF_8));
189 
190         /*
191          * Then the raw salt
192          */
193         ctx.update(saltBytes);
194 
195         /*
196          * Then just as many characters of the MD5(pw,salt,pw)
197          */
198         MessageDigest ctx1 = DigestUtils.getMd5Digest();
199         ctx1.update(keyBytes);
200         ctx1.update(saltBytes);
201         ctx1.update(keyBytes);
202         byte[] finalb = ctx1.digest();
203         int ii = keyLen;
204         while (ii > 0) {
205             ctx.update(finalb, 0, ii > 16 ? 16 : ii);
206             ii -= 16;
207         }
208 
209         /*
210          * Don't leave anything around in vm they could use.
211          */
212         Arrays.fill(finalb, (byte) 0);
213 
214         /*
215          * Then something really weird...
216          */
217         ii = keyLen;
218         final int j = 0;
219         while (ii > 0) {
220             if ((ii & 1) == 1) {
221                 ctx.update(finalb[j]);
222             } else {
223                 ctx.update(keyBytes[j]);
224             }
225             ii >>= 1;
226         }
227 
228         /*
229          * Now make the output string
230          */
231         final StringBuilder passwd = new StringBuilder(prefix + saltString + "$");
232         finalb = ctx.digest();
233 
234         /*
235          * and now, just to make sure things don't run too fast On a 60 Mhz Pentium this takes 34 msec, so you would
236          * need 30 seconds to build a 1000 entry dictionary...
237          */
238         for (int i = 0; i < ROUNDS; i++) {
239             ctx1 = DigestUtils.getMd5Digest();
240             if ((i & 1) != 0) {
241                 ctx1.update(keyBytes);
242             } else {
243                 ctx1.update(finalb, 0, BLOCKSIZE);
244             }
245 
246             if (i % 3 != 0) {
247                 ctx1.update(saltBytes);
248             }
249 
250             if (i % 7 != 0) {
251                 ctx1.update(keyBytes);
252             }
253 
254             if ((i & 1) != 0) {
255                 ctx1.update(finalb, 0, BLOCKSIZE);
256             } else {
257                 ctx1.update(keyBytes);
258             }
259             finalb = ctx1.digest();
260         }
261 
262         // The following was nearly identical to the Sha2Crypt code.
263         // Again, the buflen is not really needed.
264         // int buflen = MD5_PREFIX.length() - 1 + salt_string.length() + 1 + BLOCKSIZE + 1;
265         B64.b64from24bit(finalb[0], finalb[6], finalb[12], 4, passwd);
266         B64.b64from24bit(finalb[1], finalb[7], finalb[13], 4, passwd);
267         B64.b64from24bit(finalb[2], finalb[8], finalb[14], 4, passwd);
268         B64.b64from24bit(finalb[3], finalb[9], finalb[15], 4, passwd);
269         B64.b64from24bit(finalb[4], finalb[10], finalb[5], 4, passwd);
270         B64.b64from24bit((byte) 0, (byte) 0, finalb[11], 2, passwd);
271 
272         /*
273          * Don't leave anything around in vm they could use.
274          */
275         // Is there a better way to do this with the JVM?
276         ctx.reset();
277         ctx1.reset();
278         Arrays.fill(keyBytes, (byte) 0);
279         Arrays.fill(saltBytes, (byte) 0);
280         Arrays.fill(finalb, (byte) 0);
281 
282         return passwd.toString();
283     }
284 }