/*
    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
    * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
    * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
    * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
    * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
    * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    *
    *     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   * limitations under the License.
   */
  package org.apache.commons.configuration2.builder;
  
  import java.util.Map;
  import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
  
  import org.apache.commons.configuration2.FileBasedConfiguration;
  import org.apache.commons.configuration2.PropertiesConfiguration;
  import org.apache.commons.configuration2.XMLPropertiesConfiguration;
  import org.apache.commons.configuration2.event.ConfigurationEvent;
  import org.apache.commons.configuration2.ex.ConfigurationException;
  import org.apache.commons.configuration2.io.FileHandler;
  import org.apache.commons.lang3.ClassUtils;
  import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
  
  /**
   * <p>
   * A specialized {@code ConfigurationBuilder} implementation which can handle configurations read from a
   * {@link FileHandler}.
   * </p>
   * <p>
   * This class extends its base class by the support of a {@link FileBasedBuilderParametersImpl} object, and especially
   * of the {@link FileHandler} contained in this object. When the builder creates a new object the resulting
   * {@code Configuration} instance is associated with the {@code FileHandler}. If the {@code FileHandler} has a location
   * set, the {@code Configuration} is directly loaded from this location.
   * </p>
   * <p>
   * The {@code FileHandler} is kept by this builder and can be queried later on. It can be used for instance to save the
   * current {@code Configuration} after it was modified. Some care has to be taken when changing the location of the
   * {@code FileHandler}: The new location is recorded and also survives an invocation of the {@code resetResult()}
   * method. However, when the builder's initialization parameters are reset by calling {@code resetParameters()} the
   * location is reset, too.
   * </p>
   *
   * @param <T> the concrete type of {@code Configuration} objects created by this builder
   * @since 2.0
   */
  public class FileBasedConfigurationBuilder<T extends FileBasedConfiguration> extends BasicConfigurationBuilder<T> {
      /** A map for storing default encodings for specific configuration classes. */
      private static final Map<Class<?>, String> DEFAULT_ENCODINGS = initializeDefaultEncodings();
  
      /**
       * Gets the default encoding for the specified configuration class. If an encoding has been set for the specified
       * class (or one of its super classes), it is returned. Otherwise, result is <strong>null</strong>.
       *
       * @param configClass the configuration class in question
       * @return the default encoding for this class (may be <strong>null</strong>)
       */
      public static String getDefaultEncoding(final Class<?> configClass) {
          String enc = DEFAULT_ENCODINGS.get(configClass);
          if (enc != null || configClass == null) {
              return enc;
          }
  
          for (final Class<?> cls : ClassUtils.getAllSuperclasses(configClass)) {
              enc = DEFAULT_ENCODINGS.get(cls);
              if (enc != null) {
                  return enc;
              }
          }
  
          for (final Class<?> cls : ClassUtils.getAllInterfaces(configClass)) {
              enc = DEFAULT_ENCODINGS.get(cls);
              if (enc != null) {
                  return enc;
              }
          }
  
          return null;
      }
  
      /**
       * Creates a map with default encodings for configuration classes and populates it with default entries.
       *
       * @return the map with default encodings
       */
      private static Map<Class<?>, String> initializeDefaultEncodings() {
          final Map<Class<?>, String> enc = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
          enc.put(PropertiesConfiguration.class, PropertiesConfiguration.DEFAULT_ENCODING);
          enc.put(XMLPropertiesConfiguration.class, XMLPropertiesConfiguration.DEFAULT_ENCODING);
          return enc;
      }
  
      /**
      * Sets a default encoding for a specific configuration class. This encoding is used if an instance of this
      * configuration class is to be created and no encoding has been set in the parameters object for this builder. The
      * encoding passed here not only applies to the specified class but also to its sub classes. If the encoding is
      * <strong>null</strong>, it is removed.
      *
      * @param configClass the name of the configuration class (must not be <strong>null</strong>)
      * @param encoding the default encoding for this class
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the class is <strong>null</strong>
      */
     public static void setDefaultEncoding(final Class<?> configClass, final String encoding) {
         if (configClass == null) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Configuration class must not be null!");
         }
 
         if (encoding == null) {
             DEFAULT_ENCODINGS.remove(configClass);
         } else {
             DEFAULT_ENCODINGS.put(configClass, encoding);
         }
     }
 
     /** Stores the FileHandler associated with the current configuration. */
     private FileHandler currentFileHandler;
 
     /** A specialized listener for the auto save mechanism. */
     private AutoSaveListener autoSaveListener;
 
     /** A flag whether the builder's parameters were reset. */
     private boolean resetParameters;
 
     /**
      * Creates a new instance of {@code FileBasedConfigurationBuilder} which produces result objects of the specified class.
      *
      * @param resCls the result class (must not be <strong>null</strong>
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result class is <strong>null</strong>
      */
     public FileBasedConfigurationBuilder(final Class<? extends T> resCls) {
         super(resCls);
     }
 
     /**
      * Creates a new instance of {@code FileBasedConfigurationBuilder} which produces result objects of the specified class
      * and sets initialization parameters.
      *
      * @param resCls the result class (must not be <strong>null</strong>
      * @param params a map with initialization parameters
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result class is <strong>null</strong>
      */
     public FileBasedConfigurationBuilder(final Class<? extends T> resCls, final Map<String, Object> params) {
         super(resCls, params);
     }
 
     /**
      * Creates a new instance of {@code FileBasedConfigurationBuilder} which produces result objects of the specified class
      * and sets initialization parameters and the <em>allowFailOnInit</em> flag.
      *
      * @param resCls the result class (must not be <strong>null</strong>
      * @param params a map with initialization parameters
      * @param allowFailOnInit the <em>allowFailOnInit</em> flag
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result class is <strong>null</strong>
      */
     public FileBasedConfigurationBuilder(final Class<? extends T> resCls, final Map<String, Object> params, final boolean allowFailOnInit) {
         super(resCls, params, allowFailOnInit);
     }
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc} This method is overridden here to change the result type.
      */
     @Override
     public FileBasedConfigurationBuilder<T> configure(final BuilderParameters... params) {
         super.configure(params);
         return this;
     }
 
     /**
      * Obtains the {@code FileHandler} from this builder's parameters. If no {@code FileBasedBuilderParametersImpl} object
      * is found in this builder's parameters, a new one is created now and stored. This makes it possible to change the
      * location of the associated file even if no parameters object was provided.
      *
      * @return the {@code FileHandler} from initialization parameters
      */
     private FileHandler fetchFileHandlerFromParameters() {
         FileBasedBuilderParametersImpl fileParams = FileBasedBuilderParametersImpl.fromParameters(getParameters(), false);
         if (fileParams == null) {
             fileParams = new FileBasedBuilderParametersImpl();
             addParameters(fileParams.getParameters());
         }
         return fileParams.getFileHandler();
     }
 
     /**
      * Gets the {@code FileHandler} associated with this builder. If already a result object has been created, this
      * {@code FileHandler} can be used to save it. Otherwise, the {@code FileHandler} from the initialization parameters is
      * returned (which is not associated with a {@code FileBased} object). Result is never <strong>null</strong>.
      *
      * @return the {@code FileHandler} associated with this builder
      */
     public synchronized FileHandler getFileHandler() {
         return currentFileHandler != null ? currentFileHandler : fetchFileHandlerFromParameters();
     }
 
     /**
      * Initializes the encoding of the specified file handler. If already an encoding is set, it is used. Otherwise, the
      * default encoding for the result configuration class is obtained and set.
      *
      * @param handler the handler to be initialized
      */
     private void initEncoding(final FileHandler handler) {
         if (StringUtils.isEmpty(handler.getEncoding())) {
             final String encoding = getDefaultEncoding(getResultClass());
             if (encoding != null) {
                 handler.setEncoding(encoding);
             }
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Initializes the new current {@code FileHandler}. When a new result object is created, a new {@code FileHandler} is
      * created, too, and associated with the result object. This new handler is passed to this method. If a location is
      * defined, the result object is loaded from this location. Note: This method is called from a synchronized block.
      *
      * @param handler the new current {@code FileHandler}
      * @throws ConfigurationException if an error occurs
      */
     protected void initFileHandler(final FileHandler handler) throws ConfigurationException {
         initEncoding(handler);
         if (handler.isLocationDefined()) {
             handler.locate();
             handler.load();
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc} This implementation deals with the creation and initialization of a {@code FileHandler} associated with
      * the new result object.
      */
     @Override
     protected void initResultInstance(final T obj) throws ConfigurationException {
         super.initResultInstance(obj);
         final FileHandler srcHandler = currentFileHandler != null && !resetParameters ? currentFileHandler : fetchFileHandlerFromParameters();
         currentFileHandler = new FileHandler(obj, srcHandler);
 
         if (autoSaveListener != null) {
             autoSaveListener.updateFileHandler(currentFileHandler);
         }
         initFileHandler(currentFileHandler);
         resetParameters = false;
     }
 
     /**
      * Installs the listener for the auto save mechanism if it is not yet active.
      */
     private void installAutoSaveListener() {
         if (autoSaveListener == null) {
             autoSaveListener = new AutoSaveListener(this);
             addEventListener(ConfigurationEvent.ANY, autoSaveListener);
             autoSaveListener.updateFileHandler(getFileHandler());
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Gets a flag whether auto save mode is currently active.
      *
      * @return <strong>true</strong> if auto save is enabled, <strong>false</strong> otherwise
      */
     public synchronized boolean isAutoSave() {
         return autoSaveListener != null;
     }
 
     /**
      * Removes the listener for the auto save mechanism if it is currently active.
      */
     private void removeAutoSaveListener() {
         if (autoSaveListener != null) {
             removeEventListener(ConfigurationEvent.ANY, autoSaveListener);
             autoSaveListener.updateFileHandler(null);
             autoSaveListener = null;
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Convenience method which saves the associated configuration. This method expects that the managed configuration has
      * already been created and that a valid file location is available in the current {@code FileHandler}. The file handler
      * is then used to store the configuration.
      *
      * @throws ConfigurationException if an error occurs
      */
     public void save() throws ConfigurationException {
         getFileHandler().save();
     }
 
     /**
      * Enables or disables auto save mode. If auto save mode is enabled, every update of the managed configuration causes it
      * to be saved automatically; so changes are directly written to disk.
      *
      * @param enabled <strong>true</strong> if auto save mode is to be enabled, <strong>false</strong> otherwise
      */
     public synchronized void setAutoSave(final boolean enabled) {
         if (enabled) {
             installAutoSaveListener();
         } else {
             removeAutoSaveListener();
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc} This implementation just records the fact that new parameters have been set. This means that the next
      * time a result object is created, the {@code FileHandler} has to be initialized from initialization parameters rather
      * than reusing the existing one.
      */
     @Override
     public synchronized BasicConfigurationBuilder<T> setParameters(final Map<String, Object> params) {
         super.setParameters(params);
         resetParameters = true;
         return this;
     }
 }