/*
    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
    * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
    * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
    * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
    * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
    * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    *
    *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   * limitations under the License.
   */
  package org.apache.commons.io;
  
  import java.io.Serializable;
  import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
  import java.util.Locale;
  import java.util.Objects;
  
  /**
   * Byte Order Mark (BOM) representation. See {@link org.apache.commons.io.input.BOMInputStream}.
   * <p>
   * We define the follow BOM constants:
   * </p>
   * <ul>
   * <li>{@link #UTF_16BE}</li>
   * <li>{@link #UTF_16LE}</li>
   * <li>{@link #UTF_32BE}</li>
   * <li>{@link #UTF_32LE}</li>
   * <li>{@link #UTF_8}</li>
   * </ul>
   * <h2>Deprecating Serialization</h2>
   * <p>
   * <em>Serialization is deprecated and will be removed in 3.0.</em>
   * </p>
   *
   * @see org.apache.commons.io.input.BOMInputStream
   * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark">Wikipedia: Byte Order Mark</a>
   * @see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#sec-guessing">W3C: Autodetection of Character Encodings
   *      (Non-Normative)</a>
   * @since 2.0
   */
  public class ByteOrderMark implements Serializable {
  
      private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
  
      /**
       * UTF-8 BOM.
       * <p>
       * This BOM is:
       * </p>
       * <pre>
       * 0xEF 0xBB 0xBF
       * </pre>
       */
      public static final ByteOrderMark UTF_8 = new ByteOrderMark(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name(), 0xEF, 0xBB, 0xBF);
  
      /**
       * UTF-16BE BOM (Big-Endian).
       * <p>
       * This BOM is:
       * </p>
       * <pre>
       * 0xFE 0xFF
       * </pre>
       */
      public static final ByteOrderMark UTF_16BE = new ByteOrderMark(StandardCharsets.UTF_16BE.name(), 0xFE, 0xFF);
  
      /**
       * UTF-16LE BOM (Little-Endian).
       * <p>
       * This BOM is:
       * </p>
       * <pre>
       * 0xFF 0xFE
       * </pre>
       */
      public static final ByteOrderMark UTF_16LE = new ByteOrderMark(StandardCharsets.UTF_16LE.name(), 0xFF, 0xFE);
  
      /**
       * UTF-32BE BOM (Big-Endian).
       * <p>
       * This BOM is:
       * </p>
       * <pre>
       * 0x00 0x00 0xFE 0xFF
       * </pre>
       *
       * @since 2.2
       */
      public static final ByteOrderMark UTF_32BE = new ByteOrderMark("UTF-32BE", 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0xFF);
  
      /**
       * UTF-32LE BOM (Little-Endian).
       * <p>
      * This BOM is:
      * </p>
      * <pre>
      * 0xFF 0xFE 0x00 0x00
      * </pre>
      *
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static final ByteOrderMark UTF_32LE = new ByteOrderMark("UTF-32LE", 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00);
 
     /**
      * Unicode BOM character; external form depends on the encoding.
      *
      * @see <a href="https://unicode.org/faq/utf_bom.html#BOM">Byte Order Mark (BOM) FAQ</a>
      * @since 2.5
      */
     public static final char UTF_BOM = '\uFEFF';
 
     /**
      * Charset name.
      */
     private final String charsetName;
 
     /**
      * Bytes.
      */
     private final int[] bytes;
 
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance.
      *
      * @param charsetName The name of the charset the BOM represents
      * @param bytes The BOM's bytes
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the charsetName is zero length
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the bytes are zero length
      */
     public ByteOrderMark(final String charsetName, final int... bytes) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(charsetName, "charsetName");
         Objects.requireNonNull(bytes, "bytes");
         if (charsetName.isEmpty()) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("No charsetName specified");
         }
         if (bytes.length == 0) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bytes specified");
         }
         this.charsetName = charsetName;
         this.bytes = bytes.clone();
     }
 
     /**
      * Indicates if this instance's bytes equals another.
      *
      * @param obj The object to compare to
      * @return true if the bom's bytes are equal, otherwise
      * false
      */
     @Override
     public boolean equals(final Object obj) {
         if (!(obj instanceof ByteOrderMark)) {
             return false;
         }
         final ByteOrderMark bom = (ByteOrderMark) obj;
         if (bytes.length != bom.length()) {
             return false;
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
             if (bytes[i] != bom.get(i)) {
                 return false;
             }
         }
         return true;
     }
 
     /**
      * Gets the byte at the specified position.
      *
      * @param pos The position
      * @return The specified byte
      */
     public int get(final int pos) {
         return bytes[pos];
     }
 
     /**
      * Gets a copy of the BOM's bytes.
      *
      * @return a copy of the BOM's bytes
      */
     public byte[] getBytes() {
         final byte[] copy = IOUtils.byteArray(bytes.length);
         for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
             copy[i] = (byte) bytes[i];
         }
         return copy;
     }
 
     /**
      * Gets the name of the {@link java.nio.charset.Charset} the BOM represents.
      *
      * @return the character set name
      */
     public String getCharsetName() {
         return charsetName;
     }
 
     int[] getRawBytes() {
         return bytes;
     }
 
     /**
      * Computes the hash code for this BOM.
      *
      * @return the hash code for this BOM.
      * @see Object#hashCode()
      */
     @Override
     public int hashCode() {
         int hashCode = getClass().hashCode();
         for (final int b : bytes) {
             hashCode += b;
         }
         return hashCode;
     }
 
     /**
      * Gets the length of the BOM's bytes.
      *
      * @return the length of the BOM's bytes
      */
     public int length() {
         return bytes.length;
     }
 
     /**
      * Tests whether the given array starts with the bytes for this BOM.
      *
      * @param test the array to test.
      * @return whether the given array starts with the bytes for this BOM.
      * @since 2.19.0
      */
     public boolean matches(final int[] test) {
         // Our test are never null.
         if (bytes == test) {
             return true;
         }
         if (test == null) {
             return false;
         }
         final int length = bytes.length;
         if (test.length < length) {
             return false;
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             if (bytes[i] != test[i]) {
                 return false;
             }
         }
         return true;
     }
 
     /**
      * Converts this instance to a String representation of the BOM.
      *
      * @return the length of the BOM's bytes
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         final StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
         builder.append(getClass().getSimpleName());
         builder.append('[');
         builder.append(charsetName);
         builder.append(": ");
         for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
             if (i > 0) {
                 builder.append(",");
             }
             builder.append("0x");
             builder.append(Integer.toHexString(0xFF & bytes[i]).toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT));
         }
         builder.append(']');
         return builder.toString();
     }
 
 }