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1   /*
2    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
3    * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
4    * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
5    * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
6    * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
7    * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
8    *
9    *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10   *
11   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
12   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
13   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
14   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
15   * limitations under the License.
16   */
17  
18  package org.apache.commons.net.chargen;
19  
20  import java.io.IOException;
21  import java.net.DatagramPacket;
22  import java.net.InetAddress;
23  
24  import org.apache.commons.net.DatagramSocketClient;
25  import org.apache.commons.net.util.NetConstants;
26  
27  /**
28   * The CharGenUDPClient class is a UDP implementation of a client for the character generator protocol described in RFC 864. It can also be used for Systat (RFC
29   * 866), Quote of the Day (RFC 865), and netstat (port 15). All of these protocols involve sending a datagram to the appropriate port, and reading data
30   * contained in one or more reply datagrams. The chargen and quote of the day protocols only send one reply datagram containing 512 bytes or fewer. The
31   * other protocols may reply with more than one datagram, in which case you must wait for a timeout to determine that all reply datagrams have been sent.
32   * <p>
33   * To use the CharGenUDPClient class, just open a local UDP port with {@link org.apache.commons.net.DatagramSocketClient#open open} and call {@link #send send
34   * } to send the datagram that will initiate the data reply. For chargen or quote of the day, just call {@link #receive receive}, and you're done. For netstat
35   * and systat, call receive in a while loop, and catch a SocketException and InterruptedIOException to detect a timeout (don't forget to set the timeout
36   * duration beforehand). Don't forget to call {@link org.apache.commons.net.DatagramSocketClient#close close()} to clean up properly.
37   * </p>
38   *
39   * @see CharGenTCPClient
40   */
41  public final class CharGenUDPClient extends DatagramSocketClient {
42  
43      /** The systat port value of 11 according to RFC 866. */
44      public static final int SYSTAT_PORT = 11;
45  
46      /** The netstat port value of 19. */
47      public static final int NETSTAT_PORT = 15;
48  
49      /** The quote of the day port value of 17 according to RFC 865. */
50      public static final int QUOTE_OF_DAY_PORT = 17;
51  
52      /** The character generator port value of 19 according to RFC 864. */
53      public static final int CHARGEN_PORT = 19;
54  
55      /** The default chargen port. It is set to 19 according to RFC 864. */
56      public static final int DEFAULT_PORT = 19;
57  
58      private final byte[] receiveData;
59      private final DatagramPacket receivePacket;
60      private final DatagramPacket sendPacket;
61  
62      /**
63       * The default CharGenUDPClient constructor. It initializes some internal data structures for sending and receiving the necessary datagrams for the chargen
64       * and related protocols.
65       */
66      public CharGenUDPClient() {
67          // CharGen return packets have a maximum length of 512
68          receiveData = new byte[512];
69          receivePacket = new DatagramPacket(receiveData, receiveData.length);
70          sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(NetConstants.EMPTY_BTYE_ARRAY, 0);
71      }
72  
73      /**
74       * Receive the reply data from the server. This will always be 512 bytes or fewer. Chargen and quote of the day only return one packet. Netstat and systat
75       * require multiple calls to receive() with timeout detection.
76       *
77       * @return The reply data from the server.
78       * @throws IOException If an error occurs while receiving the datagram.
79       */
80      public byte[] receive() throws IOException {
81          final int length;
82          final byte[] result;
83  
84          checkOpen().receive(receivePacket);
85  
86          result = new byte[length = receivePacket.getLength()];
87          System.arraycopy(receiveData, 0, result, 0, length);
88  
89          return result;
90      }
91  
92      /**
93       * Same as {@code send(host, CharGenUDPClient.DEFAULT_PORT);}
94       *
95       * @param host the destination host
96       * @throws IOException on error
97       */
98      public void send(final InetAddress host) throws IOException {
99          send(host, DEFAULT_PORT);
100     }
101 
102     /**
103      * Sends the data initiation datagram. This data in the packet is ignored by the server, and merely serves to signal that the server should send its reply.
104      *
105      * @param host The address of the server.
106      * @param port The port of the service.
107      * @throws IOException If an error occurs while sending the datagram.
108      */
109     public void send(final InetAddress host, final int port) throws IOException {
110         sendPacket.setAddress(host);
111         sendPacket.setPort(port);
112         checkOpen().send(sendPacket);
113     }
114 
115 }