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1   /*
2    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
3    * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
4    * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
5    * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
6    * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
7    * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
8    *
9    *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10   *
11   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
12   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
13   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
14   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
15   * limitations under the License.
16   */
17  package org.apache.commons.validator.routines;
18  
19  import java.util.ArrayList;
20  import java.util.Arrays;
21  import java.util.List;
22  import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
23  import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
24  
25  import org.apache.commons.validator.routines.checkdigit.IBANCheckDigit;
26  
27  /**
28   * IBAN Validator.
29   * <p>
30   * Checks an IBAN for:
31   * <ul>
32   * <li>country code prefix</li>
33   * <li>IBAN length</li>
34   * <li>pattern (digits and/or uppercase letters)</li>
35   * <li>IBAN Checkdigits (using {@link IBANCheckDigit})</li>
36   * </ul>
37   * The class does not perform checks on the embedded BBAN (Basic Bank Account Number).
38   * Each country has its own rules for these.
39   * <p>
40   * The validator includes a default set of formats derived from the IBAN registry at
41   * https://www.swift.com/standards/data-standards/iban.
42   * </p>
43   * <p>
44   * This can get out of date, but the set can be adjusted by creating a validator and using the
45   * {@link #setValidator(String, int, String)} or
46   * {@link #setValidator(Validator)}
47   * method to add (or remove) an entry.
48   * </p>
49   * <p>
50   * For example:
51   * </p>
52   * <pre>
53   * IBANValidator ibv = new IBANValidator();
54   * ibv.setValidator("XX", 12, "XX\\d{10}")
55   * </pre>
56   * <p>
57   * The singleton default instance cannot be modified in this way.
58   * </p>
59   *
60   * @since 1.5.0
61   */
62  public class IBANValidator {
63  
64      /**
65       * The validation class
66       */
67      public static class Validator {
68  
69          /**
70           * The minimum length does not appear to be defined by the standard.
71           * Norway is currently the shortest at 15.
72           *
73           * There is no standard for BBANs; they vary between countries.
74           * But a BBAN must consist of a branch id and account number.
75           * Each of these must be at least 2 chars (generally more) so an absolute minimum is
76           * 4 characters for the BBAN and 8 for the IBAN.
77           */
78          private static final int MIN_LEN = 8;
79          private static final int MAX_LEN = 34; // defined by [3]
80  
81          final String countryCode;
82          final String[] otherCountryCodes;
83          final RegexValidator regexValidator;
84  
85          /**
86           * Used to avoid unnecessary regex matching.
87           */
88          private final int ibanLength;
89  
90          /**
91           * Creates the validator.
92           *
93           * @param countryCode the country code
94           * @param ibanLength the length of the IBAN
95           * @param regexWithCC the regex to use to check the format, the regex MUST start with the country code.
96           */
97          public Validator(final String countryCode, final int ibanLength, final String regexWithCC) {
98              this(countryCode, ibanLength, regexWithCC.substring(countryCode.length()), new String[] {});
99          }
100 
101         /**
102          * Creates the validator.
103          *
104          * @param countryCode the country code
105          * @param ibanLength the length of the IBAN
106          * @param regexWithoutCC the regex to use to check the format, the regex MUST NOT start with the country code.
107          */
108         Validator(final String countryCode, final int ibanLength, final String regexWithoutCC, final String... otherCountryCodes) {
109             if (!(countryCode.length() == 2 && Character.isUpperCase(countryCode.charAt(0)) && Character.isUpperCase(countryCode.charAt(1)))) {
110                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid country Code; must be exactly 2 upper-case characters");
111             }
112             if (ibanLength > MAX_LEN || ibanLength < MIN_LEN) {
113                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid length parameter, must be in range " + MIN_LEN + " to " + MAX_LEN + " inclusive: " + ibanLength);
114             }
115             this.countryCode = countryCode;
116             this.otherCountryCodes = otherCountryCodes.clone();
117             final List<String> regexList = new ArrayList<>(this.otherCountryCodes.length + 1);
118             regexList.add(countryCode + regexWithoutCC);
119             for (final String otherCc : otherCountryCodes) {
120                 regexList.add(otherCc + regexWithoutCC);
121             }
122             this.ibanLength = ibanLength;
123             this.regexValidator = new RegexValidator(regexList);
124         }
125 
126         /**
127          * Gets the length.
128          *
129          * @return the length.
130          * @since 1.10.0
131          */
132         public int getIbanLength() {
133             return ibanLength;
134         }
135 
136         /**
137          * Gets the RegexValidator.
138          *
139          * @return the RegexValidator.
140          * @since 1.8
141          */
142         public RegexValidator getRegexValidator() {
143             return regexValidator;
144         }
145     }
146 
147     private static final int SHORT_CODE_LEN = 2;
148 
149     /*
150      * Note: the IBAN PDF registry file implies that IBANs can contain lower-case letters.
151      * However, several other documents state that IBANs must be upper-case only.
152      * [See the comment block following this array.]
153      *
154      * In the Regexes below, only upper-case is used.
155      */
156     private static final Validator[] DEFAULT_VALIDATORS = {
157             // @formatter:off
158             new Validator("AD", 24, "AD\\d{10}[A-Z0-9]{12}"),                 // Andorra
159             new Validator("AE", 23, "AE\\d{21}"),                             // United Arab Emirates (The)
160             new Validator("AL", 28, "AL\\d{10}[A-Z0-9]{16}"),                 // Albania
161             new Validator("AT", 20, "AT\\d{18}"),                             // Austria
162             new Validator("AZ", 28, "AZ\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}[A-Z0-9]{20}"),          // Azerbaijan
163             new Validator("BA", 20, "BA\\d{18}"),                             // Bosnia and Herzegovina
164             new Validator("BE", 16, "BE\\d{14}"),                             // Belgium
165             new Validator("BG", 22, "BG\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{6}[A-Z0-9]{8}"),     // Bulgaria
166             new Validator("BH", 22, "BH\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}[A-Z0-9]{14}"),          // Bahrain
167             new Validator("BI", 27, "BI\\d{25}"),                             // Burundi
168             new Validator("BR", 29, "BR\\d{25}[A-Z]{1}[A-Z0-9]{1}"),          // Brazil
169             new Validator("BY", 28, "BY\\d{2}[A-Z0-9]{4}\\d{4}[A-Z0-9]{16}"), // Republic of Belarus
170             new Validator("CH", 21, "CH\\d{7}[A-Z0-9]{12}"),                  // Switzerland
171             new Validator("CR", 22, "CR\\d{20}"),                             // Costa Rica
172             new Validator("CY", 28, "CY\\d{10}[A-Z0-9]{16}"),                 // Cyprus
173             new Validator("CZ", 24, "CZ\\d{22}"),                             // Czechia
174             new Validator("DE", 22, "DE\\d{20}"),                             // Germany
175             new Validator("DJ", 27, "DJ\\d{25}"),                             // Djibouti
176             new Validator("DK", 18, "DK\\d{16}"),                             // Denmark
177             new Validator("DO", 28, "DO\\d{2}[A-Z0-9]{4}\\d{20}"),            // Dominican Republic
178             new Validator("EE", 20, "EE\\d{18}"),                             // Estonia
179             new Validator("EG", 29, "EG\\d{27}"),                             // Egypt
180             new Validator("ES", 24, "ES\\d{22}"),                             // Spain
181             new Validator("FI", 18, "\\d{16}", "AX"),                         // Finland
182             new Validator("FK", 18, "FK\\d{2}[A-Z]{2}\\d{12}"),               // Falkland Islands, since Jul-23
183             new Validator("FO", 18, "FO\\d{16}"),                             // Faroe Islands
184             new Validator("FR", 27, "\\d{12}[A-Z0-9]{11}\\d{2}", "GF", "GP", "MQ", "RE", "PF", "TF", "YT", "NC", "BL", "MF", "PM", "WF"), // France
185             new Validator("GB", 22, "\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{14}", "IM", "JE", "GG"), // United Kingdom
186             new Validator("GE", 22, "GE\\d{2}[A-Z]{2}\\d{16}"),               // Georgia
187             new Validator("GI", 23, "GI\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}[A-Z0-9]{15}"),          // Gibraltar
188             new Validator("GL", 18, "GL\\d{16}"),                             // Greenland
189             new Validator("GR", 27, "GR\\d{9}[A-Z0-9]{16}"),                  // Greece
190             new Validator("GT", 28, "GT\\d{2}[A-Z0-9]{24}"),                  // Guatemala
191             new Validator("HN", 28, "HN\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{20}"),               // Honduras, since Dec-24
192             new Validator("HR", 21, "HR\\d{19}"),                             // Croatia
193             new Validator("HU", 28, "HU\\d{26}"),                             // Hungary
194             new Validator("IE", 22, "IE\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{14}"),               // Ireland
195             new Validator("IL", 23, "IL\\d{21}"),                             // Israel
196             new Validator("IQ", 23, "IQ\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{15}"),               // Iraq
197             new Validator("IS", 26, "IS\\d{24}"),                             // Iceland
198             new Validator("IT", 27, "IT\\d{2}[A-Z]{1}\\d{10}[A-Z0-9]{12}"),   // Italy
199             new Validator("JO", 30, "JO\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{4}[A-Z0-9]{18}"),    // Jordan
200             new Validator("KW", 30, "KW\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}[A-Z0-9]{22}"),          // Kuwait
201             new Validator("KZ", 20, "KZ\\d{5}[A-Z0-9]{13}"),                  // Kazakhstan
202             new Validator("LB", 28, "LB\\d{6}[A-Z0-9]{20}"),                  // Lebanon
203             new Validator("LC", 32, "LC\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}[A-Z0-9]{24}"),          // Saint Lucia
204             new Validator("LI", 21, "LI\\d{7}[A-Z0-9]{12}"),                  // Liechtenstein
205             new Validator("LT", 20, "LT\\d{18}"),                             // Lithuania
206             new Validator("LU", 20, "LU\\d{5}[A-Z0-9]{13}"),                  // Luxembourg
207             new Validator("LV", 21, "LV\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}[A-Z0-9]{13}"),          // Latvia
208             new Validator("LY", 25, "LY\\d{23}"),                             // Libya
209             new Validator("MC", 27, "MC\\d{12}[A-Z0-9]{11}\\d{2}"),           // Monaco
210             new Validator("MD", 24, "MD\\d{2}[A-Z0-9]{20}"),                  // Moldova
211             new Validator("ME", 22, "ME\\d{20}"),                             // Montenegro
212             new Validator("MK", 19, "MK\\d{5}[A-Z0-9]{10}\\d{2}"),            // Macedonia
213             new Validator("MN", 20, "MN\\d{18}"),                             // Mongolia, since Apr-23
214             new Validator("MR", 27, "MR\\d{25}"),                             // Mauritania
215             new Validator("MT", 31, "MT\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{5}[A-Z0-9]{18}"),    // Malta
216             new Validator("MU", 30, "MU\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{19}[A-Z]{3}"),       // Mauritius
217             new Validator("NI", 28, "NI\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{20}"),               // Nicaragua, since Apr-23
218             new Validator("NL", 18, "NL\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{10}"),               // Netherlands (The)
219             new Validator("NO", 15, "NO\\d{13}"),                             // Norway
220             new Validator("OM", 23, "OM\\d{5}[A-Z0-9]{16}"),                  // Oman, since Mar-24
221             new Validator("PK", 24, "PK\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}[A-Z0-9]{16}"),          // Pakistan
222             new Validator("PL", 28, "PL\\d{26}"),                             // Poland
223             new Validator("PS", 29, "PS\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}[A-Z0-9]{21}"),          // Palestine, State of
224             new Validator("PT", 25, "PT\\d{23}"),                             // Portugal
225             new Validator("QA", 29, "QA\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}[A-Z0-9]{21}"),          // Qatar
226             new Validator("RO", 24, "RO\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}[A-Z0-9]{16}"),          // Romania
227             new Validator("RS", 22, "RS\\d{20}"),                             // Serbia
228             new Validator("RU", 33, "RU\\d{16}[A-Z0-9]{15}"),                 // Russia
229             new Validator("SA", 24, "SA\\d{4}[A-Z0-9]{18}"),                  // Saudi Arabia
230             new Validator("SC", 31, "SC\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{20}[A-Z]{3}"),       // Seychelles
231             new Validator("SD", 18, "SD\\d{16}"),                             // Sudan
232             new Validator("SE", 24, "SE\\d{22}"),                             // Sweden
233             new Validator("SI", 19, "SI\\d{17}"),                             // Slovenia
234             new Validator("SK", 24, "SK\\d{22}"),                             // Slovakia
235             new Validator("SM", 27, "SM\\d{2}[A-Z]{1}\\d{10}[A-Z0-9]{12}"),   // San Marino
236             new Validator("SO", 23, "SO\\d{21}"),                             // Somalia, since Feb-23
237             new Validator("ST", 25, "ST\\d{23}"),                             // Sao Tome and Principe
238             new Validator("SV", 28, "SV\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{20}"),               // El Salvador
239             new Validator("TL", 23, "TL\\d{21}"),                             // Timor-Leste
240             new Validator("TN", 24, "TN\\d{22}"),                             // Tunisia
241             new Validator("TR", 26, "TR\\d{8}[A-Z0-9]{16}"),                  // Turkey
242             new Validator("UA", 29, "UA\\d{8}[A-Z0-9]{19}"),                  // Ukraine
243             new Validator("VA", 22, "VA\\d{20}"),                             // Vatican City State
244             new Validator("VG", 24, "VG\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{16}"),               // Virgin Islands
245             new Validator("XK", 20, "XK\\d{18}"),                             // Kosovo
246             new Validator("YE", 30, "YE\\d{2}[A-Z]{4}\\d{4}[A-Z0-9]{18}"),    // Yemen
247             // @formatter:off
248     };
249 
250     /*
251      * Wikipedia [1] says that only uppercase is allowed.
252      * The SWIFT PDF file [2] implies that lower case is allowed.
253      * However, there are no examples using lower-case.
254      * Unfortunately the relevant ISO documents (ISO 13616-1) are not available for free.
255      * The IBANCheckDigit code treats upper and lower case the same,
256      * so any case validation has to be done in this class.
257      *
258      * Note: the European Payments council has a document [3] which includes a description
259      * of the IBAN. Section 5 clearly states that only upper case is allowed.
260      * Also, the maximum length is 34 characters (including the country code),
261      * and the length is fixed for each country.
262      *
263      * It looks like lower-case is permitted in BBANs, but they must be converted to
264      * upper case for IBANs.
265      *
266      * [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Bank_Account_Number
267      * [2] http://www.swift.com/dsp/resources/documents/IBAN_Registry.pdf (404)
268      * => https://www.swift.com/sites/default/files/resources/iban_registry.pdf
269      * The above is an old version (62, Jan 2016)
270      * As of May 2020, the current IBAN standards are located at:
271      * https://www.swift.com/standards/data-standards/iban
272      * The above page contains links for the PDF and TXT (CSV) versions of the registry
273      * Warning: these may not agree -- in the past there have been discrepancies.
274      * The TXT file can be used to determine changes which can be cross-checked in the PDF file.
275      * [3] http://www.europeanpaymentscouncil.eu/documents/ECBS%20IBAN%20standard%20EBS204_V3.2.pdf
276      */
277 
278     /** The singleton instance which uses the default formats */
279     public static final IBANValidator DEFAULT_IBAN_VALIDATOR = new IBANValidator();
280 
281     /**
282      * Gets the singleton instance of the IBAN validator using the default formats
283      *
284      * @return A singleton instance of the IBAN validator
285      */
286     public static IBANValidator getInstance() {
287         return DEFAULT_IBAN_VALIDATOR;
288     }
289 
290     private final ConcurrentMap<String, Validator> validatorMap;
291 
292     /**
293      * Create a default IBAN validator.
294      */
295     public IBANValidator() {
296         this(DEFAULT_VALIDATORS);
297     }
298 
299     /**
300      * Create an IBAN validator from the specified map of IBAN formats.
301      *
302      * @param validators map of IBAN formats
303      */
304     public IBANValidator(final Validator[] validators) {
305         this.validatorMap = createValidators(validators);
306     }
307 
308     private ConcurrentMap<String, Validator> createValidators(final Validator[] validators) {
309         final ConcurrentMap<String, Validator> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
310         for (final Validator validator : validators) {
311             map.put(validator.countryCode, validator);
312             for (final String otherCC : validator.otherCountryCodes) {
313                 map.put(otherCC, validator);
314             }
315         }
316         return map;
317     }
318 
319     /**
320      * Gets a copy of the default Validators.
321      *
322      * @return a copy of the default Validator array
323      */
324     public Validator[] getDefaultValidators() {
325         return Arrays.copyOf(DEFAULT_VALIDATORS, DEFAULT_VALIDATORS.length);
326     }
327 
328     /**
329      * Gets the Validator for a given IBAN
330      *
331      * @param code a string starting with the ISO country code (for example, an IBAN)
332      * @return the validator or {@code null} if there is not one registered.
333      */
334     public Validator getValidator(final String code) {
335         if (code == null || code.length() < SHORT_CODE_LEN) { // ensure we can extract the code
336             return null;
337         }
338         final String key = code.substring(0, SHORT_CODE_LEN);
339         return validatorMap.get(key);
340     }
341 
342     /**
343      * Does the class have the required validator?
344      *
345      * @param code the code to check
346      * @return true if there is a validator
347      */
348     public boolean hasValidator(final String code) {
349         return getValidator(code) != null;
350     }
351 
352     /**
353      * Validate an IBAN Code
354      *
355      * @param code The value validation is being performed on
356      * @return {@code true} if the value is valid
357      */
358     public boolean isValid(final String code) {
359         return validate(code) == IBANValidatorStatus.VALID;
360     }
361 
362     /**
363      * Installs a validator.
364      * Will replace any existing entry which has the same countryCode.
365      *
366      * @param countryCode the country code
367      * @param length the length of the IBAN. Must be &ge; 8 and &le; 32.
368      * If the length is &lt; 0, the validator is removed, and the format is not used.
369      * @param format the format of the IBAN (as a regular expression)
370      * @return the previous Validator, or {@code null} if there was none
371      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if there is a problem
372      * @throws IllegalStateException if an attempt is made to modify the singleton validator
373      */
374     public Validator setValidator(final String countryCode, final int length, final String format) {
375         if (this == DEFAULT_IBAN_VALIDATOR) {
376             throw new IllegalStateException("The singleton validator cannot be modified");
377         }
378         if (length < 0) {
379             return validatorMap.remove(countryCode);
380         }
381         return setValidator(new Validator(countryCode, length, format));
382     }
383 
384     /**
385      * Installs a validator.
386      * Will replace any existing entry which has the same countryCode
387      *
388      * @param validator the instance to install.
389      * @return the previous Validator, or {@code null} if there was none
390      * @throws IllegalStateException if an attempt is made to modify the singleton validator
391      */
392     public Validator setValidator(final Validator validator) {
393         if (this == DEFAULT_IBAN_VALIDATOR) {
394             throw new IllegalStateException("The singleton validator cannot be modified");
395         }
396         return validatorMap.put(validator.countryCode, validator);
397     }
398 
399     /**
400      * Validate an IBAN Code
401      *
402      * @param code The value validation is being performed on
403      * @return {@link IBANValidatorStatus} for validation
404      * @since 1.10.0
405      */
406     public IBANValidatorStatus validate(final String code) {
407         final Validator formatValidator = getValidator(code);
408         if (formatValidator == null) {
409             return IBANValidatorStatus.UNKNOWN_COUNTRY;
410         }
411 
412         if (code.length() != formatValidator.ibanLength) {
413             return IBANValidatorStatus.INVALID_LENGTH;
414         }
415 
416         if (!formatValidator.regexValidator.isValid(code)) {
417             return IBANValidatorStatus.INVALID_PATTERN;
418         }
419 
420         return IBANCheckDigit.IBAN_CHECK_DIGIT.isValid(code) ? IBANValidatorStatus.VALID : IBANValidatorStatus.INVALID_CHECKSUM;
421     }
422 }